basics
This phase of the action potential restores the neuron to its resting negative charge after depolarization.
repolarization
This barrier controls movement of substances between the blood and cerebrospinal fluid.
blood-CSF barrier
This life-threatening condition in spinal cord injury patients causes sudden hypertension and bradycardia.
autonomic dysreflexia
This ear infection involves inflammation of the middle ear
acute otitis media
This phase of the action potential occurs when sodium rushes into the cell, making the inside more positive.
depolarization
What is a focal seizure
This type of seizure originates in one specific area of the brain.
This motor system regulates involuntary movement and muscle tone.
extrapyramidal system
Ménière disease results from excess of this inner ear fluid
endolymph
These structures in the spinal cord receive sensory input from peripheral nerves.
dorsal horns
This seizure type is characterized by brief staring spells and impaired awareness
absence seizure
This motor pathway controls voluntary skeletal muscle movement
pyramidal motor system
Ménière disease is characterized by this triad of symptoms
vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss
These structures in the spinal cord contain motor neurons that send signals to muscles.
ventral horns
This triad includes hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations.
Cushing’s reflex
Damage to this area results in expressive aphasia
Broca’s area
Imbalances in these neurotransmitters are linked to panic disorder
serotonin and norepinephrine
These pressure-sensitive receptors located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch regulate blood pressure.
baroreceptors
Compression of this cranial nerve can cause a fixed, dilated pupil.
cranial nerve III (oculomotor nerve)
Damage to this area results in fluent but nonsensical speech
Wernicke’s area
preganglionic vs postganglionic NTs and presynaptic vs postsynaptiv NTs for
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic: Acetylcholine → Norepinephrine.
Parasympathetic: Acetylcholine → Acetylcholine.