Prosthetic Valves
A synthetic valve can also be known as a
Mechanical valve
A bioprosthetic valve is also known as a
Biological tissue valve
Common echo finding in obstructive cardiomyopathy
SAM- Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve
What is a common 2D echo finding with Amyloidosis
Ground glass appearance of myocardium
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
What is a classic 2D finding of mitral stenosis
Leaflet doming (hockey stick appearance)
What is the best transthoracic view to diagnose mitral valve prolapse
Parasternal long axis view
Who is an ideal candidate for a mechanical prosthetic valve
Children and young adults
What type of valve replacement is transferred from one human to another
Homograft
What causes the heart muscle to grow abnormally thick in HCM
Sarcomere protein
Where in the heart is non-compaction usually seen
Left ventricle apex
What type of murmur is associated with aortic stenosis
Systolic crescendo decrescendo
An underdeveloped aortic cusp that is fused to another cusp is called a
Raphe
A continuous wave doppler velocity of > ____ m/s indicates aortic stenosis
2.0 m/s
What is a self to self valve transfer called
Autograft
What is an animal to human valve transfer called
Pompe disease is an excessive storage of ______ in the tissue
Glycogen
LVOTO in HCM has what type of doppler appearance
Dagger
What mumur is associated with mitral stenosis
Low pitched, diastolic rumble with an opening snap
What murmur is associated with mitral valve prolapse
Mid-systolic click with/without a systolic murmur
What murmur is associated with tricuspid regurgitation
Holosystolic murmur that increases with inspiration
When the pulmonic valve is excised and relocated to the aortic position. This procedure is called
Ross procedure
Name 2 reasons why a patient may not want a mechanical valve
Anticoagulation and audible click
Name 3 techniques to provoke LVOT obstruction
Coughing
Exercise
Valsalva maneuver
What is the most common echo finding with left ventricular non compaction
Excessive trabeculations
What murmur best describes mitral regurgitation
Holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla
What murmur is associated with pulmonic stenosis
Harsh systolic ejection murmur heard at left upper sternal border
What murmur is associated with pulmonic regurgitation
Low-pitched diastolic murmur that may increase with inspiration
What is the least stenotic mechanical valve
Bileaflet tilting disc
When red blood cells become damaged as they pass through a mechanical valve
Hemolysis
What cardiomyopathy is more common in tropical regions
Endomyocardial fibrosis
What inflammatory cells in Sarcoidosis can infiltrate the heart as well as other organs
Granulomas
What murmur is associated with aortic regurgitation
High-pitched diastolic decrescendo murmur at left sternal border
A Graham-Steele murmur is a high pitched blowing diastolic murmur heard when ________ is present
Pulmonary hypertension
What can be estimated by
Systolic blood pressure - mitral regurgitant gradient
Left atrial pressure