Bones
These connective tissues connect bone to muscle.
Tendons
This is the name for the cylindrical shaft of a long bone.
Diaphysis
These large, multinuclear cells are responsible for bone resorption by breaking down the bone matrix.
Osteoclasts
Bone mass reduction typically begins between these ages as osteoblast activity starts to decline
35-40 years old
This condition, characterized by a reduction in bone mass sufficient to compromise function, is common in elderly individuals.
Osteoporosis
These connective tissues connect bone to bone.
Ligaments
This hollow space within the diaphysis contains bone marrow.
Medullary Cavity
Often called "bone-building" cells, these secrete the initial organic form of bone matrix called osteoid.
Osteoblasts
Small, sesame seed-shaped bones like the patella that develop along tendons are known by this name.
Sesamoid Bones
This percentage of the adult human skeleton is replaced yearly through the process of remodeling.
20%
This process of producing blood cells occurs in the red bone marrow.
Hematopoiesis
This thin layer of hyaline cartilage reduces friction and absorbs shock in joint movement. (Cartilage on end of bone)
Articular Cartilage
These mature bone cells reside in lacunae and maintain the bone matrix.
Osteocytes
This type of growth refers specifically to an increase in bone or cartilage length.
Interstitial Growth
Bone mass reduction begins as early as age 35–40 because the activity of this cell type begins to decline while osteoclasts remain active.
Osteoblasts
This dense or cortical bone makes up 80% of total bone mass and is described as rigid, white, smooth, and solid.
Compact Bone
These bones, such as the femur or fingers, are characterized by being longer than they are wide.
Long Bones
These are the mesenchymal stem cells that divide to produce osteoblasts.
Osteoprogenitor cells
This type of growth occurs within the periosteum and results in an increase in bone width.
Appositional Growth
Released by the parathyroid glands, this hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity.
PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)
Unlike bone, this semirigid connective tissue is avascular when matured and is more flexible.
Cartilage
This region of a long bone is the area of mature bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
Metaphysis
These cells in the "Zone of Hypertrophic Cartilage" stop dividing and begin to greatly enlarge.
Chondrocytes
Bone acts as a primary storage reservoir for these two specific minerals.
Calcium and Phosphate
This hormone, secreted by the thyroid gland, works to decrease blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclasts.
Calcitonin