Antigens
What are the 3 antigens in the P blood group system?
P, P1, Pk
What is the name of the gene found on chromosome 22 that codes for the P system antigens?
A4GALT
What immunoglobulin class is anti-P1?
IgM
What population is the p phenotype common in?
Ohio Amish
What is the autoantibody in Paroxysmal cold hemoglobin?
Autoanti-P
What is the frequency of P1?
80%
What chromosome is the B3GALNT1 gene found on?
Chromosome 3
Are anti-P1 antibodies enhanced or destroyed by enzymes?
Enhanced
What is the Anti-PP1Pk associated related to pregnancies?
Spontaneous abortions
What is another name for the auto anti-P autoantibody?
Donath-Landsteiner antibody
What is the P2 phenotype considered?
Cells that lack P1
What enzyme is the P blood group antigens synthesized by?
Glycosyltransferases
What do soluble P1 substances do?
Neutralize antibody reactivity
What was anti-PP1Pk originally known as…?
Tja
PCH is a transient, acute condition secondary to what?
A viral infection in children
What P phenotype makes up 20% of the population?
P2
What precursor chain does glycosyltransferases act on in the P blood group?
Type 2 precursor chains
What 2 things that contain soluble P1 substances?
Hydatid cyst fluid and pigeon eggs
What is the p phenotype defined as?
Individuals who lack all 3 P antigens
What is the confirmatory test for the auto anti-P autoantibody?
The Donath-Landsteiner test
What are 3 characteristics of the P1 antigen?
Poorly developed, strength varies, rapidly deteriorates on stored cells
What is the numerical name for the P system?
003
What is the optimal temperature for Anti-P1?
4oC
What are 5 characteristics of anti-PP1Pk?
1. naturally occurring
2. IgM or IgG
3. Binds complement4. Wide thermal range
5. cytotoxicWhat is the most notable unique characteristic about the auto anti-P autoantibody? What does it define as?
Biphasic hemolysin meaning it can bind RBC in cold, can activate complement and cause hemolysis at 37C.