Definitions
The term for the use of personal decision-making and choice when an officer decides how to handle a situation.
What is Discretion?
This 1967 Supreme Court case ruled that juveniles are entitled to the same Due Process rights as adults, such as the right to a lawyer.
What is In re Gault?
These wearable devices are proven to reduce frivolous citizen complaints and increase officer accountability.
What are Body-Worn Cameras (BWCs)?
Officers are more likely to make a formal arrest if the crime committed is of high ____________________.
What is Seriousness?
Most high schools have a police officer assigned to work inside the building every day. What does the acronym SRO stand for?
School Resource Officer.
The legal doctrine that means "in place of the parent," allowing police to act in the best interest of a child’s welfare.
What is In Loco Parentis?
In this specific state, it is mandatory that a parent or guardian be present before a juvenile can be questioned by police.
What is New Jersey?
This term refers to the expanding network of "eyes on the street" used for real-time situational awareness in cities.
What is CCTV (Closed-Circuit Television)?
This situational factor—how a juvenile speaks to or treats an officer—greatly influences whether they get a warning or an arrest.
What is Attitude (or Demeanor)?
Many police departments run a youth organization that offers sports, crafts, and after-school trips to help build a bridge between officers and kids. What is this program called?
PAL (Police Athletic League).
A police strategy that focuses on reducing fear and maintaining order through police-citizen partnerships.
What is Community Policing?
This constitutional amendment protects all citizens, including juveniles, against unreasonable searches and seizures.
What is the 4th Amendment?
This movement gained traction recently, calling for the reallocation of police budgets into social services and community reform.
What is the "Defund" Movement?
Police are more likely to take a kid into custody if they believe the parents cannot provide proper ____________.
What is Supervision?
Instead of sending a teenager to juvenile hall or court, police might send them to a program like counseling, community service, or a youth club to "steer" them away from the system. What are these programs called?
Youth Diversion Programs.
The belief that the justice system must be fair, transparent, and impartial to be effective.
What is Procedural Justice?
This is the standard used by judges to determine if a juvenile’s "waiver of rights" was valid, looking at age, education, and circumstances.
What is Totality of the Circumstances?
This challenge describes the difficulty police face when bystanders record active scenes on social media.
What is the Spectator Effect?
An officer must have this "reasonable belief" that a crime was committed in order to make a legal arrest.
What is Probable Cause?
Many cities have laws that forbid teenagers from being out in public places (like parks or streets) after a certain time at night, such as 11:00 PM. What is the legal term for these "time-limit" laws?
What are Curfews?
The tension an officer feels when trying to balance being a "tough cop" (law enforcer) and a "mentor" (rehabilitator).
What is Role Conflict?
These specific rights must be read to a suspect in "custodial interrogation" to protect them against self-incrimination.
What are Miranda Rights?
This specific data-driven methodology focuses on "Problem-Oriented Policing" rather than just reacting to 911 calls.
What is the SARA Model?
Research shows that kids who associate with these types of friends are more likely to have a negative view of the police.
What are Delinquent Peers?
I am Mr. Pavlak's puppy what is my name
Who is Charlie