Symbiotic Relationships
What are the five symbiotic relationships?
Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, predation, competition
How much energy is transferred to each trophic level on the trophic pyramid?
10%
What level in the energy pyramid gets the least amount of energy
Tertiary Consumers
What step in the water cycle removes water from PLANTS
Transpiration
What biotic factor affects the size of a population in an ecosystem.
A. Temperature
B. Soil
C. Number of predators
D. Concentration of oxygen
C: # of predators
What type of relationship is when both species benefit?
mutualism
What is the main source of energy in a food chain?
the sun
A. Ocean floor
B. Shore of ocean
C. Floating on ocean surface
D. Swimming in open ocean
A. Ocean Floor
If x represents what process goes into a plant and y represents what process comes out, what terms would be used to describe x & y. (hint: its not Oxygen & CO2)
x= Photosynthesis
y= Cellular Resp
If predators are affected and killed what will likely happen to the population of prey?
The population of prey will increase
What type of relationship is when one species feeds on another species?
predation
The following sequence represents a food chain
phytoplankton --> zooplankton --> small fish --> sharks
If small fish were over harvested by commercial fishing, which organisms would increase & why?
zooplankton: because the population of small fish would decrease so nothing would feed on the zooplankton showing an overpopulation of that organism
Why do most marine organisms live in the top 200 meters of the oceans waters?
Many marine organisms are consumers and live where food is abundant, the water near the surface has many producers.
What is the DISADVANTAGE of using renewable resources (wind energy, sunlight) over nonrenewable? (Hint: think about what impacts them)
renewable resources are impacted by weather
Why does population growth decline as population size increases above carrying capacity?
competition for resources increases
What type of symbiotic relationship is when one species benefits and the other is harmed?
parasitism
what are the trophic levels of a trophic pyramid in order
producers --> primary consumer --> secondary consumer --> tertiary consumer
What do the arrows in a food web and food chain represent?
the flow of energy from one organism to another
How does the loss of trees affect the carbon cycle? (Hint: Think about what happens to the carbon and oxygen levels)
It increases the amount of carbon removed and decreases amount of oxygen
If a population decreases in size what does that show about the death rate and birth rate?
The death rate is higher than the birth rate
What type of symbiotic relationship does this example show & why?
Orchids secure themselves to the surfaces of trees, utilizing the elevated position to access sunlight, which is crucial for their photosynthetic needs.
commensalism: because the orchids are benefiting from the access of sunlight and the trees are being unharmed in the process.
If a producer has 32,500 kcals of energy how much energy will the tertiary consumer have?
32.50 kcals of energy
If secondary consumers were eliminated from a specific ecosystem what would happen?
the primary producers would overpopulate, and the tertiary consumers would start to die out because they don't have enough food resources
What are the 5 steps of the water cycle in order?
Evaporation --> condensation --> precipitation --> infiltration --> runoff
what are the two types of graphs that represent growth rate in a population?
exponential & logistic