Energy Transfer
This term names the total kinetic energy of all particles in an object
Thermal Energy
The quantity measure of the average kinetic energy of particles
Temperature
Name the three main modes of thermal energy transfer
Conduction, convection, radiation
When two objects are in thermal equilibrium, what is true about their temperatures?
They are the same.
When boiling water on a stove, which mode of thermal energy transfer warms the water directly above the burner?
Conduction heats the pan
The movement of thermal energy from one object to another because of a temperature difference
Heat
What are the 3 main units of temperature?
Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin
Give one example of conduction you would see at home.
Pan heating on a stove
A cold metal rod is placed in a warm beaker of water. After some time they reach thermal equilibrium. Identify which object lost energy and which gained energy
The metal rod gained energy, and the water lost energy
Explain why wearing a white shirt on a sunny day can keep you cooler than a black shirt
White reflects more radiation; less absorbed energy leads to less heating.
What happens when particles begin to move faster (higher kinetic energy)
Temperature increases
True or False: Heat and temperature are the same thing.
False
What two things does convection require?
Liquids and Gases
A classroom thermometer reads 22°C. If the air and a textbook in the room are in thermal equilibrium, what will the textbook's temperature be?
22 degrees celsius
In an oven, hot air circulates and cooks food evenly. Which mode of transfer is used?
Convection
Which direction does thermal energy transfer?
From the warmer object to the cooler object
A student places a hot object into cooler water. The object's temperature drops. Describe, in terms of energy transfer, what happened.
The hot object transferred heat to the water; water gained thermal energy, object's particles lost kinetic energy.
Give an example of radiation
Sunlight, Campfire, Microwave
You place an insulator between a warm metal rod and a cool metal rod. Will the energy transfer faster or slower?
Slower
Describe one safety practice students should use when investigating thermal energy in the kitchen?
Use oven mitts
What type of material allows thermal energy to transfer easily?
Conductor
A sample of gas is heated up over a flame. What happens to the particles in the object?
They begin to move more rapidly
What is required for conduction to happen?
Direct contact between 2 objects
True or false: More than 2 objects can be in contact and still reach thermal equilibrium.
True
What type of currents help the winds and oceans moves?
Convection currents