Category 1
Who was arrested in 1955 for refusing to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus.
Rosa Parks
Civil rights leader whose views changed after a pilgrimage to Mecca.
Malcolm X
This 1954 Supreme Court case unanimously struck down school segregation.
Brown vs. the Board of Education
This 1896 Supreme Court ruling declared “separate but equal” constitutional.
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Organization led by MLK that promoted nonviolent resistance.
SCLC
Student-led civil rights organization formed in 1960 to organize sit-ins and direct action.
SNCC
1964 project by CORE and SNCC to register Black voters in Mississippi.
Freedom Summer
This NAACP lawyer won 29 out of 32 Supreme Court cases and later became a Supreme Court Justice.
Thurgood Marshall
Law that eliminated literacy tests and increased federal enforcement of voting rights.
1965 Votings Right Act
Segregation by practice or custom, especially in the North.
De Facto Segregation
SNCC leader who promoted the idea of Black Power.
Stokely Carmichael
Segregation required by law.
De jure segregation
A civil rights organization was formed in 1956 in Birmingham, Alabama, led by Fred Shuttlesworth to fight segregation.
Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR)
This organization was formed to organize the Montgomery Bus Boycott and was led by Martin Luther King, Jr.
Montgomery Improvement Association
This 1956 court case ruled segregation on Alabama buses unconstitutional.
Browder v. Gayle
Movement emphasizing African American control over their own communities.
Black Power Movement