Plate Tectonics
What determines if volcanism will be explosive or nonexplosive?
Silica Content. High silica=high stickiness=explosive, low silica=low stickiness=nonexplosive
What does rubberband concept state?
Opposite electrical charges attract
Which ocean currents are the strongest? What is an example of 1?
The currents on the WEST. Ex: Kuroshio, Gulf Stream, EAC, Brazil
Is the gulf stream warm or cold? Why?
Warm; it is coming from the equator
What is the wind direction between 30 and 60 degrees south? *Include diagram
NorthWest
What is a composite cone composed of? (Hint: 2 answers)
Pyroclastic material & andesite
What is latent heat of vaporization?
Amount of energy necessary to convert 1g liquid, at boiling temp, into 1g gas
What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond? Give an example of each.
In an ionic bond, electron(s) is given ex: NaCl. In covalent bond, electron(s) is shared ex: H2O.
Which current goes along the coast of Japan?
Kuroshio current
This term determines that net water transport is 90 degrees to the right of wind direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left of wind direction in the southern hemisphere.
Ekman Transport
At what plate boundary will you find nonexplosive volcanism? What kind of cone does this form? *Use Diagram
Ocean-Ocean Convergent
Fill in the statement: Water has a ___ boiling point because _______.
High; it takes a lot of energy to break the hydrogen bonds in the water and h-bonds need to break to allow boiling
If there is high evaporation and low precipitation, what happens to salinity?
This will increase the salinity (make it more salty)
Give an example of a cold, less intense current in the Northern Hemisphere.
Canary current or California current
In our diagram of Mt Rainier, the water is ______ than the land in the summer season. Why?
Colder, water has high heat capacity so it takes more energy to heat than the land
At what plate boundary will you find explosive volcanism? What kind of cone will this form? *Use Diagram
Ocean-Continent convergent
What does it mean if a molecule is polar? Why does this matter?
Different parts of a molecule have different electrical charges. The charges allow it to hydrogen bond to other polar molecules.
Why is the ocean salty?
H2O and NaCl are polar. H2O h-bonds to Na and Cl and causes the NaCl to break apart/dissolve. Lots of salt dissolved in ocean makes it salty.
Is a hurricane a low pressure cell or high pressure cell? Why?
It is a low pressure cell because they form over very warm water. Warm molecules have lower density and low atmospheric pressure.
Upwelling is associated with ____ biological productivity because _________.
Upwelling; it brings up nutrients to the surface & these nutrients allow for abundance of plant growth
All earthquake depths and magnitudes will occur at ___ plate boundaries where ___ occurs.
Convergent; subduction
What is the difference between boiling point and heat capacity? Hint: What is happening to the "rubber bands"?
Boiling pt - the point in which enough energy added to make something to change from liquid to gas. To boil, the hydrogen bonds must break. Heat capacity - energy needed to heat 1g of something 1g centigrade. Stretches rubber bands, does not break them.
Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
The arrangement/geometry of the molecules is more spread out because the molecules must twist and attract to satisfy the opposite electrical charge attraction. Increased volume = decreased density.
In the northern hemisphere, will a hurricane spiral in clockwise or counterclockwise? Include a diagram.
Counterclockwise
Does the equator have high or low precipitation? Explain! You will only get credit if you use all necessary 3-star concepts in your explanation!
High precipitation. Superball, cork, stovetop, rubberband.