Respiratory
How do you assess egophony?
Have patient say "E" during auscultation; sounds like "A".
How does blood travel through the heart in terms of atria, ventricles, and valves?
right atrium -> tricuspid valve -> right ventricle -> pulmonary valve -> lungs ->left atrium -> mitral valve -> left ventricle-> aortic valve -> body
What is Cullen's sign?
Superficial bruising and swelling around the belly button which indicates intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal bleeding.
What is the Weber test?
A screening tool used to determine if a patient has hearing loss, particularly when one ear hears better than the other
What is whispered pectoriloquy?
Have patient whisper "99" upon auscultation and if whispered words are heard clearly and loudly, this indicates abnormal, consolidated lung tissue.
What are two abnormal heart sounds?
Multiple answers but can include murmurs, rubs, S3 and S4.
What does a positive McBurney's sign indicate?
Appendicitis
How do you document a normal Rinne test?
AC > BC
What is crepitus?
"Rice crispy" sound on palpation, indicates air trapping.
What is the order for assessing the heart valves?
AP(E)TM
What is the order of the abdominal assessment?
Inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate
What does the term "epistaxis" refer to?
Nosebleeds
What are two ways to describe lung effort and expansion using medical terminology?
Many possible answers including labored and non-labored.
What causes a murmur?
Turbulent blood flow
How does blood in the stool present differently depending on if it's an upper GI bleed or a lower GI bleed?
An upper GI bleed causes black, tarry stools and a lower GI bleed causes maroon/red stools.
Where are the frontal and maxillary sinuses located?
Frontal - above eyebrows. Maxillary - below eyes.
What are 5 topics that you'd what to ask about in relation to the ROS from a respiratory standpoint?
Multiple possible answers but should include PMH, meds, exposures, vaccinations, current symptoms.
During what part of the assessment - inspection, palpation, or auscultation - would you assess for a thrill?
Palpation - is a humming vibration
What does AAA stand for?
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
How do you test cranial nerves III, IV, and VI (EOMs)?
6 cardinal positions of gaze