VIRTUE ETHICS
This ethical theory focuses on developing good character traits rather than following rules.
Virtue Ethics
This philosopher argued that actions are moral when done out of duty.
Immanuel Kant
This ethical theory focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number
Utilitarianism
Justice and fairness emphasize promoting this for society
common good
Pluralism refers to the existence of many different moral or religious this.
beliefs or values
In virtue ethics, moral behavior comes from practicing this repeatedly until it becomes part of character.
habit
Kant's ethical principle that says act only according to rules that could become universal law.
categorical imperative
Utilitarianism judges actions based on this outcome.
consequences
This philosopher proposed the veil of ignorance in deciding fairness.
John Rawls
This term refers to strict adherence to one belief system as the only truth.
fundamentalism
This ancient Greek philosopher is most associated with virtue ethics and the idea of the Golden Mean.
Aristotle
According to Kant, humans must always be treated as this, never merely as a means.
an end in themselves
This philosopher is known for founding utilitarianism and the principle of utility.
Jeremy Bentham
The veil of ignorance requires people to decide rules without knowing this about themselves.
social position or status
Globalization challenges ethics by increasing interaction among diverse this.
cultures or moral systems
According to virtue ethics, courage lies between cowardice and this opposite extreme
recklessness
Rights theorists emphasize that individuals possess these moral claims that must be respected.
human rights
John Stuart Mill improved utilitarianism by distinguishing between these two types of pleasures.
higher and lower pleasures
Social justice focuses on fair distribution of this in society.
resources, opportunities, or benefits
Religion contributes to ethics by providing moral this.
guidelines or principles
Virtue ethics evaluates moral actions primarily based on this internal aspect rather than consequences or rules.
character or moral disposition
If lying could not be universalized without contradiction, Kant would conclude lying is morally this.
Morally wrong or impermissible
In utilitarianism, sacrificing one to save many may be justified because morality is measured by this.
total happiness or overall utility
Rawls' difference principle states inequalities are allowed only if they benefit this group.
The least advantaged
The search for universal values attempts to find moral principles accepted across different this despite pluralism.
cultures or religions