Unit 1
What philosopher believed that Natural Law not only entitle but actually obligated people to rebel when the rule of kings did not respect the consent of the governed.
John Locke
The presiding officer of the U.S. House of Representatives, the leader of the majority party, and second in line to the presidency.
Speaker of the House
What clause mandates that no state shall deny any person within its jurisdiction "equal protection of the laws"
Equal Protection Clause
What are the two major political ideologies on either side of moderate.
Liberal and Conservative
A U.S. state where Democratic and Republican candidates have similar levels of support, meaning either party could realistically win the state's electoral votes in a presidential election.
Swing State
This article of the Constitution deals with relations among the states
Article IV
Two supreme court cases that involved Gerrymandering
Baker v Carr
Shaw v Reno
What amendment prohibits the government from taking private property for public use without providing "just compensation" to the owner.
The 5th amendment
The process of an ever-expanding and increasing interactive world economy is known as
Globalization
A landmark Supreme Court decision ruling that the First Amendment prohibits the government from restricting independent political expenditures by corporations and unions, effectively allowing unlimited corporate spending on elections and enabling the creation of Super PACs.
FEC v Citizens United
a separate written statement issued by a judge or justice in an appellate court case, agreeing with the final outcome (judgment) reached by the majority, but offering different or additional legal reasoning.
Concurring Opinion
When legislation is the appropriation of government spending for localized projects that primarily benefit a legislator's home district or state rather than the nation as a whole
Pork-Barrel Spending
A form of government censorship that prohibits speech or other expression before it can take place, rather than punishing it afterward.
Prior Restraint
American individuality and the story of the nation's creation after a battle with an over-reaching government have ingrained in citizens a desire for _________________________, one kept under control by law and by checks and balances and separation of power.
Limited Government
What amendment says that no one has to pay to vote?
24th amendment
A statutory transfer of power, responsibilities, and funding from a central government to subnational, regional, or local governments.
devolution
An official appointed by a political party to enforce party discipline, ensure members attend and vote according to the party line, and manage legislative strategy.
Whip
A legal doctrine that prevents the government from using evidence gathered in violation of the U.S. Constitution—primarily the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures
Exclusionary Rule
Americans who were born between 1962 - 1982
Generation X
Elections that political parties use to select candidates for a general election. Then each party’s candidates run against each other in the general election.
Primaries or Primary Election
A political system where power is dispersed among various competing interest groups—such as unions, businesses, and religious organizations—rather than concentrated in a single elite.
pluralism democracy
A single, massive piece of legislation that packages numerous smaller, sometimes unrelated, bills or policy proposals into one "all or nothing" vote.
Omnibus Bill
A three-part legal standard previously used by the U.S. Supreme Court to determine if a law or government action violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment
The Lemon Test
The lifelong process through which individuals acquire their political values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors
Political Socialization
An advocacy strategy that attempts to influence legislation or government action by mobilizing the general public to contact legislators, rather than lobbying officials directly
Grassroots Lobbying