Signal and Wave Machines
Newton's Deep Dive
Beneath the Surface
Galactic Origins
Genes and Natural Selection
100
If a wave’s frequency is doubled while it stays in the same medium, this property must be cut in half.
wavelength
100
If an object is moving at -5 m/s, the negative sign does not mean it is "slower than zero," but rather indicates this.
direction (relative to a frame of reference)
100
This "Law" states that in an undisturbed sequence of rocks, the oldest layer is at the bottom and the youngest is at the top.
Law of Superposition
100
If a galaxy is moving toward Earth, its spectral lines would undergo this shift.
blueshift
100
Scientists look at these structures—like the bones in a bat's wing and a human's hand—to prove that different species share a common ancestor.
homologous structures
200
This term describes why a pencil looks "broken" when placed in a glass of water, caused by the wave changing speed as it enters a new medium.
refraction
200
According to Newton's 2nd Law, if you apply the same force to an object with double the mass, the acceleration will change in this specific way.
it will be cut in half (or decrease by 50%
200
Because these specific seismic waves cannot travel through liquids, scientists concluded that the Earth’s Outer Core must be molten.
S-waves (Secondary waves)
200
This 1920s discovery by Edwin Hubble showed that the farther away a galaxy is
the faster it appears to be moving away
200
When comparing embryos of a fish, a chicken, and a human, the presence of "gill slits" in all three suggests this.
common ancestor
300
In a wave graph, this specific measurement is the best indicator of the amount of energy the wave is carrying.
amplitude
300
DAILY DOUBLE
This type of "invisible" region surrounds a charged object and exerts a force on other charged objects without touching them.
300
This specific type of plate boundary is the only one where crust is neither created nor destroyed, but simply ground together.
transform boundary
300
Elements found in this star
hydrogen and helium
300
Unlike selective breeding, this technology produces an organism that is a 100% genetic match to its single parent.
cloning
400
Unlike analog signals, which are continuous, digital signals are sent as these types of pulses, making them easier to "clean" if they encounter noise.
discrete (or binary/pulsed) signals
400
To increase the strength of an electromagnet without adding more wire, you could increase this property of the electrical circuit.
voltage or current
400
The discovery of "Magnetic Reversals" (striping) in the rock on the ocean floor provided the "smoking gun" evidence for this theory.
seafloor spreading
400
The the heaviest element a star can make through nuclear fusion.
Fe, Iron
400
A drawback of herbicide resistant GMO crops
overuse of herbicides, development of a herbicide resistant weed, monopoly
500
This phenomenon occurs when a wave passes through a narrow opening and spreads out on the other side.
diffraction
500
When a diver pushes down on a board, they move upward. This happens because the board exerts a force that is equal in magnitude but opposite in this.
direction
500
In a subduction zone, the reason one plate sinks beneath the other is entirely due to a difference in this physical property.
density
500
How heavier elements are made (not in big bang and not in nuclear fusion)
supernova
500
When a population is split by a geographical barrier. Can lead to speciation.
geographic reproductive isolation