Rhetoric
rhetorical appeal to credibility, authority, and moral character used to persuade an audience
ethos
Her smile was as bright as the sun.
simile
bi-
two
the central, underlying idea, message, or subject in literature
theme
The narrator uses “I” and shares only their own thoughts.
First-Person
rhetorical appeal to logic and reason
logos
Her heart is stone.
metaphor
auto-
self
the main point of the story
central idea
The narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all characters.
Third-Person Omniscient
rhetorical appeal to emotion
pathos
The opportunity knocked once, then disappeared.
personification
inter-
between or among
“Hard work leads to success.”
Theme
The narrator focuses on one character but uses “he/she/they.”
Third-Person Limited
ethos, logos or pathos?
If we don’t reduce pollution, future generations will suffer.
She cried an ocean of tears that night.
hyperbole
bene-
good
“The article explains how exercise improves health.”
Central Idea
The narrator addresses the reader as “you.”
Second-Person
(2 answers) ethos, logos or pathos?
"As a scientist, I rely on evidence, and the data clearly supports this conclusion."
ethos and logos
(2 answers) The car groaned as it climbed the steep hill like an old man.
personification and simile
phon-
sound
a fundamental, recurring idea or message in literature and art that resonates across cultures, time periods, and human experiences.
universal theme
A narrator whose perspective may be biased or not fully trustworthy.
Unreliable