Muscle Basics
The Energy Systems
Adaptation & Physiology
Antagonistic Pairs
Training Effects
100
This type of muscle tissue is attached to the skeleton and is under voluntary control.
What is Skeletal Muscle?
100
This system provides immediate energy for explosive movements lasting under 30 seconds.
What is the ATP-CP system?
100
This term refers to an increase in muscle size and fiber thickness due to resistance training.
What is Hypertrophy?
100
When the Biceps contract at the elbow, this muscle acts as the antagonist and relaxes.
What is the Triceps?
100
Cardiovascular training makes this organ a bigger and more efficient pump.
What is the Heart?
200
This is the name for the attachment of a muscle to the immovable bone in a joint.
What is the Origin?
200
This energy system relies on oxygen to create fuel from fats and glucose for long-term exercise.
What is the Oxidative (Aerobic) system?
200
This is the term for the loss of muscle mass due to inactivity.
What is Atrophy?
200
This is the name for the muscle in a pair that is actually producing the movement.
What is the Prime Mover?
200
This type of contraction occurs when the muscle does not change length, like in a plank.
What is an Isometric contraction?
300
These are the three distinct types of muscle tissue found in the human body.
What are Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth muscle?
300
The body can store roughly this many calories worth of glycogen for vigorous activity.
What is 1,800 to 2,000 calories?
300
These slow-twitch muscle fibers are fatigue-resistant and best for marathons.
What are Type I fibers?
300
This muscle is the antagonist to the Quadriceps at the knee.
What are the Hamstrings?
300
At low to moderate intensities, cardio training preferentially burns this fuel source over glycogen.
What is Fat?
400
This muscle helps the "prime mover" by stabilizing the joint during a movement.
What is a Synergist (or Fixator)?
400
This system converts glycogen into ATP for high-intensity efforts lasting 30 seconds to 3 minutes.
What is the Glycolytic (Anaerobic) system?
400
These muscle fibers contract rapidly and forcefully but fatigue very quickly.
What are Type II (Fast-Twitch) fibers?
400
This muscle pair controls movement at the front and back of the lower leg (shin and calf).
What are the Tibialis Anterior and the Gastrocnemius (Calves)?
400
Cardio training increases this within the muscles to improve oxygen transport.
What is vascularization (or capillaries)?
500
Smooth muscle is found here and is categorized as this type of control.
What are internal organs/blood vessels and Involuntary control?
500
Energy systems don't work like an on/off switch; they work like this instead.
What is a "dial"?
500
This is why muscle is considered "expensive" tissue for the body.
What is because it increases the body's caloric needs to sustain itself (metabolic impact)?
500
These two muscles are an antagonistic pair found in the upper torso/back.
What are the Pectoralis Major and the Latissimus Dorsi?
500
In concurrent training, this specific energy system should always be trained last.
What is the Glycolytic (Anaerobic) system?