Ch9/10/12
The study of disease occurrence patterns in populations.
What is epidemiology?
The average lifespan of a red blood cell.
What is ~120 days?
Newly produced immature RBCs used to gauge marrow response.
What is the reticulocyte count?
The resistance vessels that control flow into capillary beds.
What are arterioles?
Chest pain that is pleuritic and improves leaning forward.
What is acute pericarditis?
Congenital vs acquired immunodeficiency classification.
What are primary and secondary immunodeficiencies?
The platelet receptor complex responsible for adhesion by binding vWF at sites of endothelial injury.
What is GpIb/IX/V?
A lymphoid tissue system located in mucosal submucosa (GI tract, tonsils) that acts like distributed immune surveillance.
What is MALT?
A heart sound generated by closure of atrioventricular valves; its timing anchors early systole.
What is S1?
Shock subtype where vitals can look “okay” early, but tissue hypoperfusion exists.
What is circulatory shock?
A wound repair phase featuring new capillaries and fibroblasts appearing ~3–4 days after injury and lasting up to ~2 weeks.
What is granulation tissue (fibroblastic phase)?
A coagulation test that primarily evaluates the extrinsic pathway and is used to generate a standardized anticoagulation ratio.
What is PT/INR?
A “hemolysis clue” lab that drops because it gets consumed binding free hemoglobin.
What is haptoglobin?
Aortic “gruel/hardness” disease: connect the pathologic location (tunica layer) to the lesion type.
What is atherosclerosis (fibrofatty lesions in tunica intima)?
A pericardial effusion becomes hemodynamically dangerous when it limits this phase of the cardiac cycle.
What is ventricular diastolic filling?
A scar that grows quickly for months then gradually regresses.
What is a hypertrophic scar?
Platelet aggregation requires fibrinogen “bridging” via this receptor complex.
What is GPIIb/IIIa?
Transfusion reaction within 6 hours: acute hypoxemia + bilateral pulmonary edema without a pure volume overload story; often linked to donor antibodies.
What is TRALI?
A high-risk medication/social history clue from lipids: the apoprotein most tied to VLDL/LDL atherogenic risk in the slides.
What is apolipoprotein B?
A distributive shock variant with bradycardia and warm, dry skin due to loss of sympathetic tone
What is neurogenic shock?
*explicitly tied to anesthesia induction risk.
A molecular treatment approach listed for autoimmune disease targeting specific cytokines.
What are monoclonal antibodies (e.g., anti–TNF-α, anti–IL-4)?
Hemophilia due to deficiency/mutation of factor IX.
What is hemophilia B
A proliferative disorder raising RBC mass and frequently WBCs/platelets because the marrow clone is multipotent.
What is polycythemia vera?
The SR pump that re-sequesters Ca²⁺ during relaxation
AND
The exchanger that moves Ca²⁺ out in exchange for Na⁺.
What are SERCA and the sodium–calcium exchanger (NCX)?
SVR rises to preserve MAP, but that increases wall tension/afterload and compromises coronary supply during this phase.
What is diastole (coronary perfusion dependence)?