Water
This term describes the uneven distribution of charge in a water molecule, caused by oxygen’s higher electronegativity.
What is polarity?
This type of bond links monosaccharides together in disaccharides and polysaccharides.
What is a glycosidic bond?
This 3‑carbon alcohol forms the backbone of a triglyceride.
What is glycerol?
This chamber has the thickest muscular wall because it pumps blood to the entire body.
What is the left ventricle?
These blood vessels have thick muscular and elastic walls to withstand high pressure.
What are arteries?
These weak attractions form between the δ+ hydrogen of one water molecule and the δ– oxygen of another.
What are hydrogen bonds?
This type of reaction forms a glycosidic bond between two monosaccharides.
What is a condensation reaction?
This group at the end of a fatty acid reacts with glycerol during triglyceride formation.
What is the carboxyl group?
These vessels supply the heart muscle itself with oxygenated blood.
What are the coronary arteries?
These structures inside veins prevent the backflow of blood.
What are valves?
This feature of water explains why it can dissolve both Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.
What is its dipole nature?
This storage polysaccharide in plants is made of amylose and amylopectin.
What is starch?
This reaction breaks triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.
What is hydrolysis?
This term describes the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle.
What is systole?
This process allows oxygen and nutrients to move from capillaries into tissues.
What is diffusion?
These substances dissolve in water because the polar water molecules surround their positive and negative ions.
What are ionic compounds?
This disaccharide is formed from glucose + fructose.
What is sucrose?
Triglycerides are insoluble in water because they are this type of molecule.
What are hydrophobic molecules?
This vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body into the right atrium.
What is the vena cava?
These tiny vessels have walls one cell thick to allow rapid diffusion.
What are capillaries?
This fluid in animals transports glucose, amino acids, and ions because they dissolve in water.
What is blood plasma?
This polysaccharide is the main energy store in animals and is highly branched.
What is glycogen?
This bond forms between glycerol and each fatty acid.
What is an ester bond?
This event occurs when the ventricles relax and repolarise, shown as the T wave on an ECG.
What is ventricular diastole?
This vein carries deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart — an exception to the usual rule.
What is the pulmonary vein?