Signs & Symptoms
Fruity breath in DKA is caused by:
Acetone
Most common DKA trigger
Infection
Glucose level in DKA
250
FIRST treatment
IV fluids
Insulin with K+ <3.3 causes:
Arrhythmias/death
Deep rapid breathing pattern seen in DKA
Kussmaul respirations
Missing this causes DKA
Insulin
Acid-base disorder
Metabolic acidosis
Stops ketone production
Insulin drip
Stopping insulin early leads to:
Persistant DKA
Common GI symptoms in DKA
N/V and abdominal pain
DKA often first presents in:
Type 1 Diabetes
Anion gap
Must correct before insulin if low
Potassium
Too little fluid causes:
Shock
Worsening DKA leads to
Confusion/decreased LOC
Stress hormones increase glucose during:
Illness/stress
Potassium initially appears high due to :
Extracellular shift from acidosis
Add when glucose is ~200
Dextrose
Rapid shift causes:
Cerebral edema
Sudden neurologic decline in DKA=
Cerebral edema
Drug class causing euglycemic DKA
SGLT2 inhibitors
DKA patient's glucose is improving, but the anion gap remains open. This indicates:
Ongoing ketone production
When to stop insulin drip
Gap closed
Most dangerous drop
Potassium