Formulas
actual number of atoms in a molecule
What is Molecular formula
function of functional groups?
Give compounds physical and chemical properties
What are Homologous series?
same functional group but different number of carbon atoms, similar chemical properties varying physical properties
Longest continuous chain of Carbon atoms
What is Parent chain
What are structural isomers
same molecular formula but different structural formulas
simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a molecule
What is Empirical formula
Hydrocarbons
What is Alkane, Alkene, Alkyne
CnH2n
What is Alkenes
Anything that is not a part of the parent chain
What is Branch
When the parent chain is not the same and branches are different
What is Branched Isomer
structure clear but omits the covalent bonds(Only included double or triple bonds)
What is Condensed formula
Carbonyl compounds
What is Aldehydes and Ketones
Physical trends
as the number of carbons increase the boiling and melting point increases
Or
Increases molecular size and surface area as carbon atoms rise
prefix for four of the same branches present in one compound
What is Tetra-
different functional groups result in the same formula
What is Functional Group Isomer
spatial arrangement of all the atoms and bonds in a molecule
What is Structural formula
Halogenoalkane(100 points per)
What is Fluoride, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
CnH2n+2O (R-O-R)
What is Ethers
normal branch suffix
What is -yl
When the functional group is attached to different carbon atoms in the chain
What is Positional Isomer
A simplified way of representing molecules
What is Skeletal formula
Name the suffix(5 for 500)
Alcohol, Carboxylic Acid, Amine, Amide, Ester, Aromatics
Alcohol: -ol
Carboxylic Acid: -oic acid
Amine: -amine
Amide: -amide
Ester: -oate
Aromatics: -benzene
Methane state at room temperature
parent chain naming convention
prefix for number of carbons suffix for type of functional group
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary structures
The amount of carbons the carbon linked to either alcohol or amine is attached to