Biology & Life Sciences
The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
What is a cell?
The physical or observable characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.
What is a phenotype?
Microscopic, single-celled organisms that lack a distinct nucleus, making them prokaryotes.
What is bacteria?
The cellular organelle known as the "powerhouse of the cell" because it produces energy (ATP).
What is the mitochondrion?
The Austrian monk known as the "father of modern genetics" for his work studying inheritance patterns in pea plants.
Who was Gregor Mendel?
The preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms that provide evidence of past life on Earth.
What are fossils?
The process by which green plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to synthesize glucose and release oxygen.
What is photosynthesis?
A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, which can sometimes lead to new traits.
What is a mutation?
A non-living infectious agent that can only replicate inside the living cells of an organism.
What is a virus?
The double-helix molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, and functioning of all living organisms.
What is DNA?
Having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).
What is heterozygous?
Structures in different species that share a common evolutionary origin but may perform different functions (e.g., a human arm and a whale flipper).
What are homologous structures?
The process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).
What is transcription?
A type of medication used to treat bacterial infections, which is completely ineffective against viruses.
What is an antibiotic?