Court Cases
What was Lopez in possession of that led to the argument of United States v Lopez?
A firearm
Which branch of government has the power to declare laws unconstitutional?
The Judicial Branch
What document outlined the first national government of the United States before the Constitution?
The Articles of Confederation
Which branch checks the judicial branch by appointing Supreme Court justices?
The Executive Branch
What clause establishes that the Constitution and federal laws are the “supreme law of the land”?
The Supremacy Clause
What court case did the Supreme Court rule that a state's mandatory school attendance law was unconstitutional as applied to the Amish because it violated their First Amendment right?
Wisconsin v Yoder
Which branch of government ratifies treaties and confirms presidential
The Legislative Branch
What document begins with “We the People”?
The Constitution
Article I of the Constitution grants Congress this power, requiring a two-thirds majority in both chambers to enact legislation despite presidential rejection.
veto override
What clause in the First Amendment prevents the government from establishing an official national religion or favoring one religion over another?
The Establishment Clause
Which Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?
Marbury v Madison
Which branch of government is responsible for carrying out and enforcing laws?
The Executive Branch
Which document introduced the idea of separation of powers and checks and balances?
The Constitution
Once a law is officially in effect, how can the Judicial Branch check its validity?
The Judicial Branch can check the law by declaring it unconstitutional through the process of judicial review
Which clause protects people’s right to practice their religion freely?
Free Exercise Clause
A conservative nonprofit wanted to air and advertise Hillary: The Movie during the 2008 election season, leading to this landmark Supreme Court case, what is it?
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
What fraction of state legislatures must approve an amendment before it can be added to the Constitution?
3/4
Which paper defended the creation of an independent judiciary with life terms for judges?
Federalist 78
This power allows the United States Congress to override a presidential veto with a two-thirds vote in both houses. What is it?
veto
McCulloch v. Maryland strengthened Congress’s authority under this constitutional clause, which permits the expansion of federal power beyond specifically listed responsibilities. What clause is this?
Necessary and Proper Clause
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that students do not “shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech at the schoolhouse gate”?
Tinker v Des Moines
What fraction of both houses of Congress is required to propose a constitutional amendment?
2/3
Which paper argued that “ambition must be made to counteract ambition”?
Federalist 51
Although negotiated exclusively by the executive branch, international agreements with foreign nations cannot take effect unless approved by the Senate through this constitutional process requiring a two-thirds vote. What is this?
Treaty ratification
In United States v. Lopez, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had exceeded its authority under this clause when it banned guns in school zones. What clause is this?
Commerce Clause