WMD
What is MAD
Mutually Assured Destruction
States are unitary and rational actors who seek individual gain
What are the core assumptions of Liberalism?
Progress is possible, democracy should be spread, interedependence lowers the risks of war, values exist within IR
What is positivism?
IR theories should be based on scientific methods
When was the Treaty of Westphalia signed?
1648
What 9 countires are part of the nuclear club?
Russia, the United States, China, France, the United Kingdom, Pakistan, India, Israel, and North Korea
What are the shared elements of realism variants?
Statism (states are the only actors), Survival (all states are seeking survival due to anarchy), Self-help (states are self motivated and reliant)
What are the roles in institutions?
Centralises collective actions, creates accountability, manage conflict and agreements
What is a critical theory?
Theories aiming to critique and change society not just explain it
What were the key characteristics of the Cold War?
-No direct fighting, two superpowers, many small proxy wars, period of decolonisation
What are the three catergories of WMD
Chemical, Biological and Nuclear
What are the limitations of realism?
The peaceful end to the cold war, increase in global cooperation and interdependence, presence of non-state actors
What are the origins of liberalisim
First = enlightenment period in response to "barbaric" state of IR
Secound = Failures of realism following the cold war
What is the difference between reflectivism and rationalism?
Reflectivism = understanding
Rationalism = explaining
What were the major outcomes of WW1?
-Global agreement to avoid similar conflict, global great deppression, league of nations created
What is the NPT?
Nuclear Non-Porliferation Treaty, signed in 1968 and countries agree to declare all exisiting weapons and stop development, deployment and obtainment
What does a "black box" mean?
The disregard for all internal factors of a state to have the sole focus on external interactions
What is an IGO and it's purpose?
Intergovernmental organisation, created by 2 or more states to cooperate on a shared interest
What is constructivism?
everything is socially constructed
What were the major outcomes of WW2?
Europe significantly damaged, UN replaced league of nations, US and USSR tensions
What event was the closest the world has been to nuclear war?
Cuban Missile Crisis, 1963
What is the main idea of Kenneth Waltz?
Structural Realism, the structure of the international system generates competition between power seeking states
What is the Democratic Peace Theory
-Micheal Doyles 1980's theory that democratic states are less likely to go to war due to structural constraints
What is Alexander Wendts main arguement?
States act differently based on ideas, culture and norms
When/What was the Concert of Europe
1814-1914, period of peace and industrial revolution