Organic Chemistry
What element is the basis of nearly all organic compounds?
carbon
Which functional group is represented by the formula –OH?
hydroxyl
What properties (2) makes esters useful in perfumes and flavorings?
fragrance/sweet taste
What common household product is made through saponification?
soap
What symbol is used to represent thermal energy transferred during a reaction?
q
What family of hydrocarbons includes methane, ethane, propane, and butane?
alkanes
Which functional group is represented by –COOH?
carboxylic acid
What two types of compounds react together to form an ester?
alcohol and carboxylic acid
Which strong base is commonly used in the saponification process to make solid soap?
sodium hydroxide
In the equation q = mcΔT, what does the variable m represent?
mass
What name is given to hydrocarbons that contain only single covalent bonds?
saturated hydrocarbons
This functional group, COO, is called the __?__ link.
Ester
What is the name of the reaction that forms an ester and water?
esterification or condensation reaction
Besides soap, what other major product is formed during saponification?
water or glycerine
What is the formula for calculating ΔT?
T2-T1
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n + 2
This group of atoms at the end of a hydrocarbon compound changes the properties of the the organic compound.
functional group
Which acid reacts with ethanol to form ethyl acetate?
acetic acid
What type of organic molecules are fats and oils (R-COOH)?
fatty acids
What is the specific heat capacity of liquid water?
4.18 J/g·°C?
One mole of a hydrocarbon produces 1000 kJ of energy when it burns. How much energy is produced from 3.5 moles of the hydrocarbon?
3,500 kJ
The functional group OH can change the state of methane from a __?__ to a __?__ called methanol
gas/liquid
What small molecule byproduct is removed when an ester forms?
water
Soap molecules have two ends one that loves water and one that loves oil. Name them.
hydrophilic/lipopilic
If 100 g of water absorbs 836 J of energy, by how many degrees Celsius will its temperature increase?
+ 2 degrees.