Research Foundations
What is the primary purpose of research?
To answer questions and create new knowledge
What type of research investigates relationships between variables?
Correlational research
What is qualitative data?
Non-numerical data such as interviews or observations
Why is informed consent important in research?
It protects participants by ensuring they understand the study
What is a thesis or central claim?
The main argument or position of the research
What is a literature review?
A summary and analysis of existing research on a topic
What research method uses controlled conditions to test cause and effect?
Experimental research
What is the difference between primary and secondary sources?
Primary sources are original materials; secondary sources interpret them
What makes a source credible?
The source is reliable, accurate, qualified, and evidence-based
Why is evidence important in a research presentation?
Evidence supports and strengthens the argument
Why is a research question important?
It guides the direction and focus of the study
What is the purpose of a control group?
To compare results against the experimental group
Why might a researcher use surveys?
To collect opinions, experiences, or data from participants
What is bias in research?
Bias is prejudice or favoritism that affects objectivity
What is synthesis in research writing?
Combining multiple sources and ideas into a coherent discussion
What makes a research question “researchable”?
It can be investigated using evidence, data, and analysis
Why might a researcher choose a mixed-methods design?
To combine numerical data with deeper qualitative insight
What does it mean if data are statistically significant?
The results are unlikely to have happened by chance
Why is plagiarism considered unethical?
It steals another person’s ideas or work without credit
What is the purpose of acknowledging counterarguments?
It strengthens credibility by addressing opposing viewpoints
How can limitations affect a research study?
They may reduce validity, reliability, or generalizability
Why is operationalization important in research design?
It clearly defines how variables will be measured or studied
Why might correlation not equal causation?
Two variables may be related without one directly causing the other
How can confirmation bias weaken research?
Researchers may ignore evidence that contradicts their beliefs
Why is audience awareness important during presentations?
Different audiences require different communication strategies