Harnessing Human Energy and Thermal Energy
Yes, because it is moving
Lin cooked a pot of soup, then put half the soup in the freezer for a while. Now the soup in the pot is hot, and the soup in the freezer is cold. What is the difference between the molecules of the soup in the pot and the molecules of the soup in the freezer?
The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving faster than the molecules of the soup in the freezer.
What do mammals like tigers and zebras need energy for?
Running, Breathing, Digesting food; All physical and metabolic activity
There are two air parcels. One is 40 degrees and one 10 degrees. The surrounding air is 10 degrees. Which parcel will have more rain and why?
Air Parcel 1 will lose energy to the surrounding air, which will cause more water vapor to fall as rain.
Chengdu is closer to the equator than Harbin. Which location has a colder air temperature and why?
Harbin, because less energy is transferred from the sun directly to the surface, and then from the surface to the air.
How do you know food has energy?
Food makes it possible for someone to move?
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present.
True
Scientists have been studying the size of three populations in a grassland. In this ecosystem, snakes eat rats, and rats eat grasshoppers. The data showed that all three populations were stable. Then the grasshopper population decreased suddenly. What will likely happen to the size of the rat population as a result?
Grasshopper-->Rat-->Snake
decrease. The smaller grasshopper population provides fewer energy storage molecules for the rat population, so the rat population will reproduce less. This will lead to fewer births than deaths in the rat population.
Storm 1 has no rain
Storm 2 has a significant amount of rain.
The temperature of the surrounding areas was the same before both storms. What could have caused Storm 2 to have more rainfall than Storm 1?
warmer than before Storm 1 and windy. Wind pushed the warmer air parcel even higher and the air parcel lost more energy.
Alesund and Khatyrka are the same distance from the equator and they are both near the ocean. Alesunds wind blows from the equator and Khatyrka comes from the north pole. Use the information to answer these questions: How does the air temperature of Alesund compare to the air temperature of Khatyrka? Why?
warmer than Khatyrka. At Alesund, energy is transferred from the ocean to the air. At Khatyrka, energy is transferred from the air to the ocean.
Potential energy and kinetic energy work in tandem (together). When the kinetic energy of an object increases, what happens to the potential energy?
Its potential energy decreases.
A herd of deer lives in a forest where they eat the leaves of trees. The number of energy storage molecules in the trees and in the deer has increased. What has happened to the amount of carbon in the trees and in the deer?
Has increased
In a rainforest, anteaters eat ants, and ants eat aphids (a type of very small insect). The sizes of the populations have been stable for the last 10 years, but recently the size of the aphid population decreased. What will likely happen to the anteater population? The size of the anteater population will .
Aphid-->Ant-->Anteater
decrease. Fewer energy storage molecules will be available to the anteater population from the smaller ant population, so the anteater population will reproduce less. This will lead to fewer births than deaths in the anteater population.
Sonya put a glass of water on the table and left the room. When she came back, she found water drops on the outside of the glass. Where did the water on the outside of the glass come from?
The air in the room. Water vapor in the air turned into liquid water.
Mowe Bay and Townsville are the same distance from the equator, and they are both near the ocean. Using the information, how does the air temperature of Mowe Bay compare to the air temperature of Townsville? Why?
colder than Townsville. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Energy is transferred from the air to the ocean at Mowe Bay and energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at Townsville.
If one pan is 90 degrees and the other pan is 50 degrees, what will happen when they touch for a while?
Once the pans are touching, the outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
Scientists are studying photosynthesis in a forest ecosystem that has plants, animals, and decomposers (which consume dead things). Which group or groups of organisms in the forest carry out photosynthesis?
Plants
A population of sharks lives in the Atlantic Ocean. Over the last 50 years, the size of the shark population increased. What best explains the increase in the size of the shark population?
More sharks were born than died.
The air temperature of Ostley is higher than the air temperature of Eastbrook. What is the main cause for the different air temperatures?
More energy from the sun is transferred to the ground in Ostley than in Eastbrook, and that energy is transferred to the air above it.
Ferris is 6ºC (43ºF) in the winter. What is the source for most of the energy that causes this temperature?
The Sun
In some places, hot water from underground can shoot up into the air through a hole in the ground. When this happens, the ground surrounding the water increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the ground when the temperature of the ground increases?
The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.
Sea grass has had the sun shining on it for most of the day. What can the sea grass do because it is in sunlight? What does this mean for the number of energy storage molecules in the sea grass? The sea grass can . . .
Take in carbon from the air. The carbon is used to make energy storage molecules.
What are three things that all organisms do?
Eat, Reproduce and Die
Describe why an air parcel rises into the atmosphere and explain why it stops.
Sun is transferred from the sun to the surface to the air. The parcel heats up and rises. Energy then transfers from the parcel to the cooler surrounding air until equilibrium is reached.
Demi is studying the amount of snowfall at the South Pole. She wants to describe it using cause and effect. Is the one or more than one cause for weather events?
There can be more than one cause for the effect—amount of snowfall.