Diagnostic Test
Diabetes Mellitus
In diabetes, glucose appears in the urine because blood sugar levels exceed what the kidneys can filter and reabsorb. Ketones appear because a lack of insulin forces the body to rapidly burn fat for energy instead of sugar.
What common actions increase intra-abdominal pressure and may lead to urine leakage in stress urinary incontinence
Coughing, sneezing, and laughing
Answer these true or false questions:
1.) You need to take a sample every time you empty a catheter drainage bag?
2.) To provide peri-care on a male you cleanse up the length of the catheter then go to the perineurium?
3.) When transporting a catheter place the drainage bag on the patients lap?
4.) You can empty the drainage bag every 3-6 hours?
1.) False
2.) False:
3.) False, don't want backflow
4.) True, empty is as often as needed so it doesn't get full. Usually we empty every 8 hours but it can be emptied to prevent the bag from getting to heavy (should be emptied when they reach a certain capacity, such as one-half to two-thirds full, or at regular intervals, often recommended at least every eight hours)
An elderly client states that he eats healthy and complains that "I still am getting up at all hours to pee. Its driving me crazy. I am not as young as I used to be to be getting up all the time". As the nurse you assess his dietary habits and finds that he eats tons of fruits, veg, coffee, and watery soups. Which of these foods would increase his urinary output?
All of these foods and the coffee will contribute to increased urinary output.
Other than direct visualization of the bladder and urethra, what other uses for a cystoscopy are there?
A patient has undergone a cystoscopy with a bladder biopsy. Why might the healthcare provider leave a temporary retention catheter in place following the procedure?
A cystoscopy is a medical procedure that allows a doctor to visually examine the inside of your bladder and urethra. It is performed using a cystoscope—a thin, lighted tube equipped with a camera.
Common non-visualization uses for a cystoscopy include:
To keep the bladder drained while it heals and to promote healing following the procedure.
Shivani pees when she laughs and coughs and has been identified to have stress incontinence :( What simple nursing intervention can you prescribe to help with this diagnosis?
Kegel Exercises
Shivani has a catheter inserted. After 4 hours there is only 60 mls in the drainage bag. What should the nurse do FIRST to address this?
Check for any kinks in the tubing.
How many millilitres (mL) of urine should a healthy adult produce per hour?
30ml/hr
240-250mls in an 8 hour shift
Daily Double!
What is an Intravenous Pyelogram used for?
Is a contrast dye used?
What should nursing staff be observing for while patient is getting an IVP?
Visualize the collecting ducts and renal pelvis and outline the ureters, bladder, and urethra following the intravenous injection of a radiopaque contrast dye. X-rays are taken at timed intervals as the dye is excreted by the kidneys, allowing assessment of the structure and function of the urinary tract. The test is used to investigate disorders such as renal artery occlusion, tumours, cysts, calculi (kidney stones), and traumatic injuries
Yes!
Allergic Reaction to the contrast material
Which diagnostic test requires the collection of a STERILE urine sample?
How do you get a sterile urine sample for someone not on a catheter?
Culture and Sensitivity Test
Collecting a sterile urine sample for a Culture and Sensitivity (C&S) test is typically done using the clean-catch midstream method. This process prevents bacteria on the skin from contaminating the sample. The goal is to collect the middle part of your urine stream into a sterile container
The urine sample for a culture and sensitivity (C&S) must be a sterile specimen to prevent contamination and ensure accurate identification of microorganisms. It is collected as a clean-catch midstream urine sample using aseptic technique into a sterile container, while avoiding contact with skin or non-sterile surfaces. A urinalysis (UA) may also be collected as a clean-catch midstream sample; however, it does not always require a sterile container unless it is being collected for culture or per agency policy.