Habitat
What is the difference between a habitat and an ecosystem?
A habitat is the place where an organism lives. An ecosystem includes all living and non-living things interacting in an area.
Why does sound travel faster through solids than through gases?
Particles in solids are closer together, so vibrations pass through more quickly.
What is the difference between reflection and refraction?
Reflection is light bouncing off a surface. Refraction is light bending when it passes from one material to another.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Sediments are deposited in layers, then compacted and cemented over time.
Why do planets orbit the Sun instead of moving away into space?
The Sun’s gravity pulls planets inward while their motion keeps them moving forward.
What is one example of a structural adaptation and one example of a behavioural adaptation?
Structural: thick fur, claws, beak shape. Behavioural: migration, hibernation, hunting in groups.
How does frequency affect pitch?
Higher frequency makes a higher pitch; lower frequency makes a lower pitch.
Why does a pencil look bent in a glass of water?
Light changes speed and bends as it moves from water to air.
How can igneous rocks form both above and below Earth’s surface?
Lava cools above the surface, and magma cools below the surface.
What causes day and night on Earth?
Earth rotates on its axis.
What is biodiversity?
The variety of living things in an area.
What is the difference between pitch and volume?
Pitch is how high or low a sound is. Volume is how loud or soft a sound is.
300: What is the difference between transparent, translucent, and opaque materials?
Transparent lets light pass clearly, translucent lets some light pass, and opaque blocks light.
Why are fossils usually found in sedimentary rocks and not igneous rocks?
Sedimentary rocks form in layers that can bury remains, while igneous rocks form from melted rock that would destroy fossils.
What causes seasons on Earth?
Earth’s tilted axis and its orbit around the Sun.
What is an adaptation?
A body part or behaviour that helps a living thing survive.
Why can astronauts not talk to each other directly in space without radios?
Space has no air or matter for sound waves to travel through, so they need radios.
Why do shadows change size during the day?
The Sun’s position changes, so the angle of light changes.
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces. Erosion moves those pieces to a new place.
Explain why the Moon does not make its own light, but we can still see it at night.
The Moon reflects light from the Sun.
Why is a food web more realistic than a food chain?
A food web shows many feeding relationships, while a food chain only shows one path of energy.
Why is sound usually quieter in a room with carpets and curtains?
Soft materials absorb some sound energy, so fewer sound waves reflect around the room.
Why does white light separate into colours when it passes through a prism?
Different colours of light bend by different amounts.
A rock is found with visible layers and fossil imprints inside it. What type of rock is it most likely to be, and how did it form?
It is most likely a sedimentary rock. It formed when layers of sediment, such as sand, mud, and small pieces of rock, were deposited, compacted, and cemented together over a long time. Fossils can be preserved when living things are buried in these layers.
What is the difference between a solar eclipse and a lunar eclipse?
A solar eclipse happens when the Moon blocks sunlight from reaching Earth. A lunar eclipse happens when Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.