What’s the “Matter”
What is Matter and its 3 states?
Anything that has mass and takes up space
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
What are the 3 sections of Elements on the periodic table and their location
Metalloids- on the stair case
Metals- right of the stair case
Non metals-left of the staircase
What are the 4 chemical properties?
Stability
Combustibility
Toxicity
Reactivity
Who created the first atomic theory which is: matter made of tiny particles called atoms
Democritus
What are the equations to find mass, density and volume?
M divided by D equals V
V times D equals M
M divided by V equals D
What is the particle theory of matter?
1. All matter is made up of tiny particles
2. All particles of one pure substance are the same but different from another pure substance
3. Particles are always moving
4. Particles at a higher temperature move faster
5. Particles attract one another
What are the specific group names and their group numbers (location)
Group 1-Alkali Metals
Group 2- Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 3-12- Transitions Metals
Group 13-18- Non Metals
Group 17- Hallogens
Group 18- Noble Gasses
What are atleast 5 QUALITATIVE physical properties (definition required)
Who made the chocolate chip cookie model which is: positive sphere with negative particles scattered throughout
Thomson
How is a Bohr-rutherford diagram created?
Atomic number would equal protons and electrons
Atomic mass minus number of proton/electrons equals neutrons
Inside the nucleus of the diagram, protons amount and neutrons amount are written down
Depending on period number represents how many shells or orbitals on diagram
Electrons are written down by amount inside of orbitals
Rule of orbitals is 2 8 8 16
What is a physical change (examples of physical changes)?
A change where the chemical make up of the matter doesn’t change (can be reversible)
1. Cutting/chopping
2.Change of State
3. Dissolving
What is the difference between the vertical columns and the horizontal columns
Vertical- Groups ( Valence Electrons)
Horizontal- Periods (Energy Levels)
What are the 3 quantitative physical properties?
Who created the billiard ball model which is: atoms are solid balls that cannot be broken down
Dalton
Definitions of all parts of the matter, flow chart
Pure substance – the same properties and composition throughout
Compound – two or more elements put together
Homogeneous – can only see one phase
Mixture- different properties and composition
Matter- anything with mass and takes up space
Heterogeneous – can see two or more phases
Element – particle with one type of atom
What is a chemical change and the 5 hints that a chemical change has occurred? (Aswell as the 4 chemical changes)
A change where the chemical make up of the matter does change (irreversible)
-Rusting -Tarnishing
-Decomposing -Burning
5 hints include
-Colour Change
-Temperature Change
-Light or sound energy produced
-A precipitate is formed (a solid)
-Gas is formed/released (fizzing bubbling etc)
Where are protons electrons and neutrons found? (Location in atom)
Protons – in the nucleus
Electrons – in orbitals
Neutrons – in the nucleus
What are the properties of Metaloids, Metals, and Non Metals
Metals-good conductors, high lustre, malleable
Nonmetals – all three states, poor conductors
Metalloids – share properties of nonmetals and metals, shiny but brittle
Which chemist did the gold foil experiment discovering a small dense nucleus
Rutherford
Give 3 examples of a physical change and 3 examples of a chemical change
Physical: Ice melting, Breaking glass, Mixing spices, Cutting Carrots
Chemical: Baking a cake, Car Rusting, Explosion (Fireworks, firecrackers, fizz)
Where on the periodic table on an element, would you find the atomic number and the atomic mass and which represents protons and electrons and how do you find neutrons?
The atomic number – at the top of an element and represents the number of protons and electrons
The atomic mass-at the bottom of an element and the number of neutrons equals the atomic mass minus the number of protons
Who created the electron orbits in energy levels theory which resulted in today’s diagram most often used in grade 9 chemistry classes?
bohr (Name of diagram is The Bohr-Rutherford diagram)