Basic Legal Concepts
Laws that are made now but apply to conduct that occurred in the past.
What is retrospective laws?
The power to rule and make laws for a particular area- a state free from external interference.
What is state sovereignty?
The name of a proposed law introduced in Parliament before it becomes an Act.
What is a Bill?
Standard of proof in a criminal case.
A process of review on the merits of an agency’s primary decision. It is undertaken by another officer within the same agency, usually a more senior officer.
What is internal review?
Rule that punishes a player for being nearer to the opponent’s goal line than both the ball and second-last defender when the ball is played.
What is the offside rule?
This concept refers to the legal system's ability to adapt to changing social values and circumstances.
What is responsiveness?
Case with ruling that the lands of this continent were not terra nullius or ‘land belonging to no-one’ when European settlement occurred.
What is the Mabo case?
Parliament giving other entities power to make laws that are less significant/more specific.
What is delegated legislation?
Criminal, constitutional and administrative law.
What is public law?
Alternative sentencing method for Aboriginal offenders.
What is Circle Sentencing?
Term used when a batsman is dismissed without scoring
What is a duck?
A generally accepted set of moral principles.
What is ethics?
Authority divided between legislature, judiciary and executive.
What is the separation of powers?
Some powers are exclusive powers of the federal Parliament, some powers are shared with the state and territory parliaments, the powers that are left just for the states are called residual.
What is the division of powers?
Standard of proof in a civil case.
What is on the balance of probabilities?
Resolves disputes in NSW such as tenancy.
What is the NSW Civil and Administrative Tribunal?
Acronym MP in politics.
What is member of parliament?
A decision-making entity not bound by decisions of other courts.
What is the High Court of Australia?
Equitable court order that allows you to force someone to do something, usually fulfilling the requirements of a contract.
What is specific performance?
Law passed by the Australian Parliament that recognises the rights and interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in land and waters according to their traditional laws and customs.
Negligence, defamation and trespass are part of this law.
What is tort law?
In a defamation claim, the statements published must damage this
What is reputation?
Name of the scale used to measure earthquake magnitude.
What is the richter scale?
Rights to participate in the legal proceedings in which someone has interest, right to a hearing, right to test evidence, right to a court free from bias.
What is procedural fairness?
International instrument developed between two countries.
What is a bilateral treaty?
UN body that provides China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States with additional authority.
What is the United Nations Security Council?
What is the prosecution?
Negotiation, mediation, arbitration and one other are the forms of Alternative Disputes Resolution?
What is conciliation?
The first Prime Minister of Australia.
What is Edmund Barton?
A state of chaos and disorder resulting from the absence of rules and laws.
What is anarchy?
The reason for a judge's decision.
What is ratio decidendi?
Has jurisdiction over persons alleged to have committed genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression
What is the International Criminal Court?
Person who brings the case for the proseuction in the local court.
What is a police prosecutor?
Section 80 of the Consitution
What is the right to trial by jury?
British band known for the song Yellow
What is Coldplay?