Respiratory Basics
This term means breathing in.
What is inspiration?
Low-pitched, soft breath sounds heard over most lung fields.
What is vesicular?
This is an inadequate amount of oxygen available to the cells.
What is hypoxia?
Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.
What is angina?
Movement of solutes from higher to lower concentration.
What is diffusion?
A condition caused by excess hydrogen ions or loss of base.
What is acidosis?
Fluid outside the cells.
What is extracellular fluid?
Positively charged ions.
What are cations?
This term means breathing out.
What is expiration?
Loud, high-pitched sounds heard over the trachea.
What is bronchial?
This refers to low oxygen in the blood.
What is hypoxemia?
A condition where the heart cannot pump effectively.
What is heart failure?
Movement of substances against the concentration gradient using energy.
What is active transport?
A condition caused by loss of hydrogen ions or gain of base.
What is alkalosis?
Fluid inside the cells.
What is intracellular fluid?
Negatively charged ions.
What are anions?
This is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
What is pulmonary ventilation?
Medium-pitched sounds heard over the main bronchi.
What is bronchovesicular?
Rapid breathing.
What is tachypnea?
Death of heart tissue caused by lack of oxygen.
What is myocardial infarction?
The passage of fluid through a permeable membrane from high pressure to low pressure.
What is capillary filtration?
A substance that buffers hydrogen ions.
What is a buffer?
Decreased fluid volume in the body.
What is hypovolemia?
Low sodium level.
What is hyponatremia?
This is the overall process of gas exchange in the body.
What is respiration?
Extra abnormal lung sounds, such as crackles or wheezes are called this.
What is adventitious?
Slow breathing.
What is bradypnea?
Collapse of part of the lung.
What is atelectasis?
The “pushing” force that moves fluid out of capillaries.
What is hydrostatic pressure?
Normal blood pH range.
What is 7.35 to 7.45?
Excess fluid volume in the body.
What is hypervolemia?
High potassium level.
What is hyperkalemia?
This term describes the exchange of gases between blood and body tissues.
What is internal respiration?
Continuous musical sounds caused by narrowed airways.
What are wheezes?
Fast, deep breathing.
What is hyperventilation?
Abnormal rhythm of the heart.
What is arrhythmia or dysrhythmia?
The “pulling” force created by plasma proteins that draws fluid back into capillaries.
What is colloid osmotic pressure?
The body process that helps regulate acid–base balance by controlling carbon dioxide.
What is respiratory regulation?
Excess fluid loss causing thirst, dry mucous membranes, and concentrated urine.
What is dehydration?
Low calcium level.
What is hypocalcemia?