Anatomy & Physiology
This chamber pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.
What is the left ventricle?
Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot do this effectively.
What is pump enough blood to meet the body's needs?
Hypertension is defined as chronically elevated what?
What is blood pressure?
Tetralogy of Fallot contains this many structural heart defects.
What is four?
Which side of heart failure causes pulmonary edema?
What is left-sided heart failure?
These structures prevent blood from flowing backward inside the heart.
What are the heart valves?
Which body system causes sodium and water retention in heart failure?
What is the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)?
Most hypertension is classified as this type.
What is primary (essential) hypertension?
This symptom occurs because deoxygenated blood enters systemic circulation.
What is cyanosis?
Which side causes JVD and peripheral edema?
What is right-sided heart failure?
This artery supplies oxygen-rich blood directly to the heart muscle.
What are the coronary arteries?
This type of heart failure causes pulmonary edema.
What is left-sided heart failure?
This part of the heart enlarges because it pumps against increased pressure.
What is the left ventricle?
This chronic complication increases red blood cell production and blood viscosity.
What is chronic hypoxemia?
Which MI requires immediate reperfusion with PCI or thrombolytics?
What is STEMI?
This part of the electrical conduction system is known as the heart's natural pacemaker.
What is the SA node?
Name two common signs of right-sided heart failure.
What are peripheral edema, JVD, ascites, hepatomegaly, or weight gain?
Name three risk factors for hypertension.
Examples:
Name the four defects.
NSTEMI causes what type of myocardial damage?
What is necrosis?
Name the pathway electrical impulses follow through the heart.
What is:
SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers?
This life-threatening complication occurs when fluid fills the alveoli
What is pulmonary edema?
This major complication occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted or a vessel ruptures.
What is a stroke?
Children with Tetralogy of Fallot often do this after exercise to improve oxygenation.
What is squat?
Causes vasodilation owing to severe infection, often with gram-negative bacteria
What is Septic shock?