Chapter 1 & 2
What is the traditional experimental approach that scientists use to learn how the world works?
Scientific Method
Who is credited with the theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin
What are the levels of biodiversity?
species, genetic, and ecosystem
What process occurs when tectonic plates push apart from one another?
Divergent boundaries
What is the longest bone in the human body?
Femur
What are the two triggers that increased population growth rate and size?
Agricultural revolution and Industrial revolution
What main component differentiates primary from secondary succession?
Soil
What are the two main components of species diversity?
Richness and Evenness
What are two key components that distinguish an oligotrophic lake from a eutrophic lake?
Oxygen and Nutrients
What is second derivative of velocity in respect to time?
Acceleration
What type of feedback loop occurs when the output from a system moves in one direction as the input moves the system in the other direction?
negative feedback loop
What are the concepts behind the IPAT model?
Impact = Population * Afflunce * Time
What are the five main causes of biodiversity loss?
Habitat loss
Pollution
Overharvesting
Invasive species
Climate change
What are the 4 atmosphere layers?
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
What fruit's small seeds contain cyanide?
Apples/ Pears
What is the process where bacteria in deep-sea vents use the chemical-bond energy of hydrogen sulfide, released by hydrothermal vents, to transform inorganic carbon into organic carbon compounds?
Bonus point if you can draw the equation.
Chemosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + 3H2S --> C6H12O6 + 3H2SO4
Name the 4 components of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
Cultural, Mechanical, Biological, and Chemical
What three-word phrase describes extracting the maximum amount of a good or service before depletion?
Maximum sustainable yield
What are the 4 types of waste?
industrial, municipal, hazardous, and liquid
Which theory demonstrates that time passes faster at your head than at your feet?
Albert Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
What are the tree major steps in the nitrogen cycle?
Nitrogen fixation, Nitrifying bacteria, and Denitrification
Name 5 components that make soil different than dirt?
disintegrated rock, organic matter, water, gases, nutrients, and microorganisms
What are the seven types of toxins discussed in class?
Carcinogen
Mutagen
Teratogen
Neurotoxin
Allergen
Pathway Inhibitor
Endocrine Disruptor
What is one compound that depletes the ozone layer?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
What vertical temperature gradient in a stratified lake separates the warm, oxygen-rich epilimnion above from the cold, dense hypolimnion below?
thermocline