Blood Flow & Great Vessels
This chamber pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation
What is the left ventricle?
This muscular layer is the thickest layer of the heart wall
What is the myocardium
This structure is the heart's natural pacemaker
What is the SA node
This equation calculates cardiac output
What is CO = SV x HR?
This is the typical frequency range for an adult cardiac transducer
What is 2-5 MHz?
This vessel returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the RA
What is the SVC?
This valve is located between the LA & LV
What is the mitral valve?
What is the AV node?
This equation calculates stroke volume
What is SV = EDV - ESV?
In the PSAX, the probe marker points toward this location
What is the left shoulder?
These four vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the LA
What are the pulmonary veins?
The mitral and tricuspid valves are open during this cardiac phase
What is diastole?
During this phase, ventricular pressure rises while all four valves remain closed
What is IVCT
This equation calculates ejection fraction
What is EF = SV / EDV x 100%
An indicator is pointing towards 3 o'clock at a depth of 21 cm. I am looking at this view
What is the subcostal 4 chamber view?
Name the three major branches of the aortic arch
What are the brachiocephalic, LCC & LSC arteries?
This is the normal amount of fluid between the visceral and parietal pericardial layers
What is 10-50 mL?
This phase accounts for approximately 75% of ventricular filling
What is early diastole
This equation calculates fractional shortening
What is FS = LVIDd - LVIDs / LVIDd x 100%
This view is one of the best for locating the highest tricuspid regurgitation velocity
What is the apical RVIT view?
Coronary dominance is determined by which artery gives rise to this vessel
What is the PDA?
This area is between the aortic arch and the descending aorta
What is the aortic isthmus?
After leaving the AV node, the impulse travels through these three structures in order
What are the Bundle of His, bundle branches and Purkinje fibers?
A patient has a cardiac output of 5.4 L/min and a BSA of 1.8 m^2. Calculate cardiac index
What is 3.0 L/min/m^2
The RVOT can be measured from these 3 views
What are the PRVOT, PSAX-AV, and SC SAX-AV views?