Psychology Basics
The study of psychological disorders, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment.
What is psychopathology?
An immediate reaction to a current danger.
What is fear?
Persistent, unwanted, and intrusive thoughts or urges.
What are obsessions?
Intense and persistent sadness is the central feature of this category of disorders.
What are depressive disorders?
These disorders involve enduring and inflexible personality patterns that cause distress or impairment.
What are personality disorders?
A condition involving abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
What is a psychological disorder?
Excessive and persistent fear of a specific object or situation.
What is a specific phobia?
Repetitive behaviors performed to reduce anxiety caused by obsessive thoughts.
What are compulsions?
Loss of interest or pleasure in activities.
What is anhedonia?
This personality disorder includes unstable relationships, self-image, mood, and impulsivity.
What is borderline personality disorder?
The manual commonly used by mental-health professionals in the United States.
What is the DSM?
This disorder involves extreme fear of being judged negatively in social situations.
What is social anxiety disorder?
This disorder involves a persistent preoccupation with a physical flaw that is minor or not noticeable to others.
What is body dysmorphic disorder?
A disorder involving mood states that fluctuate between depression and mania.
What is bipolar disorder?
This personality disorder involves disregard for other people’s rights, lack of remorse, and repeated irresponsible behavior.
What is antisocial personality disorder?
The occurrence of two psychological disorders in the same person.
What is comorbidity?
A sudden period of extreme fear that reaches its peak within approximately 10 minutes.
What is a panic attack?
This disorder may involve flashbacks, avoidance, detachment, irritability, and an exaggerated startle response.
What is PTSD?
Rapid speech, grandiosity, little need for sleep, and reckless behavior are signs of this.
What is a manic episode?
Inattention, impulsivity, disorganization, and excessive movement may indicate this disorder.
What is ADHD?
This model explains disorders as the interaction between an underlying vulnerability and stressful experiences.
What is the diathesis-stress model?
Excessive and uncontrollable worry occurring more days than not for at least six months.
What is generalized anxiety disorder?
A person washes their hands repeatedly because washing temporarily decreases contamination anxiety. This learning process strengthens the behavior.
What is negative reinforcement?
Aaron Beck believed that these negative mental patterns involving failure, rejection, and worthlessness contribute to depression.
What are depressive schemas?
Social communication difficulties and repetitive patterns of behavior are associated with this disorder.
What is autism spectrum disorder?