Anatomy Physiology Valvular Diseases
A patient presents with crackles in their lungs upon auscultation. What condition (be specific) do they likely have?
Left sided heart failure
How would you take a pulse?
Turn your hand so your palm faces up, Place the tips of your index and middle fingers on the inside of your wrist, Press down gently with light pressure until you feel a throbbing or pulsing sensation, Count the number of beats for 15 seconds, multiply by 4
Which MS2 ran track/cross country in undegrad?
Ryan
What is blue baby syndrome?
A condition where the baby is born with a heart defect that leads to low oxygen to the lungs
Define equity, equality, and justice
Equality- everyone gets the same thing
Justice- the barriers to inequity are removed in the first place
Vena cava, Right atrium, Tricuspid valve, Right ventricle, Pulmonary valve, lungs, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta
Take a patient's blood pressure using a blood pressure cuff and explain what systolic and diastolic values represent
Position patient’s arm is at heart level, Place cuff on arm 1 inch above the elbow (with space for 2 fingers), Place the stethoscope over the brachial artery, Pump until pressure is at 150, Release pressure slowly until you hear a systolic beat, Continue until you stop hearing beats (diastolic sound), Release rest of air
Systolic represents pressure when the heart beats, and diastolic measures pressure when the heart rests between beats
Which MS2 came into medical school with a PhD and what was it in?
Seleipiri; Bioengineering
Name two subspecialties of pediatric cardiology.
Interventional cardiology, electrophysiology, heart failure & transplantation, global health, fetal cardiology, etc.
What is ADI? What does high ADI imply about cardiovascular health?
ADI stands for area deprivation index; a high ADI implies that more resources are needed in certain areas to treat cardiovascular diseases
Which chamber of the heart is the largest?
Left ventricle
Act out the response to an adult who suddenly collapses and is not breathing normally
Check responsiveness and breathing, activate 911, send someone for an AED, begin chest compressions, apply the AED when available, clear the person during analysis and resume CPR afterward.
Which MS2 can spin a basketball with their finger?
Oscar
How do you treat blue baby syndrome?
With a shunt
Name 3 factors of how one’s neighborhood predicts health outcomes.
Socioeconomic status, environmental racism, food deserts, health literacy, the presence of hospitals/ clinics
What is the difference between stenosis and regurgitation?
Stenosis is valves narrowing so they can't open fully, regurgitation is valves are not closing properly and letting blood backwards.
How would you take history for a patient experiencing these symptoms: stomach pain (began after breakfast, sharp pain, relieved by rest, no vomiting)
***hint: includes OLD CARTS
1. Intros and small talk
2. Chief concern
3. OLD CARTS (onset, location, duration, characteristic, alleviating and aggravating factors, radiating or relieving factors, timing, severity)
How many of our MS2s are from/went to school in LA?
4 (Kara, Amy, Oscar, Patrick)
What was Dr.Cresalia's case study and name of her patient?
Ailey who was diagnosed with a hole between the lower two ventricles
What is intersectionality?
The intersection of social, political, and socioeconomic experiences that form a person's interaction with the healthcare system and health
What are three medications that treat valvular heart disease, and how do they do so?
Beta blockers reduce sympathetic nervous system action, ACE inhibitors lower hypertension, and diuretics reduce fluid retention
How would you insert an IV into a person's arm
Apply the tourniquet, Select a vein, Clean site, Insert needle at 10-30 degree angle, Observe for blood, Retract needle, Saline flush, Release tourniquet, Apply tape
Which MS2 is from the same town as Phineas & Ferb? And which town is it?
Amy; Danville
1%
Systemic factors like ______ (give 3 examples) affect our cardiovascular health.
Homophobia, xenophobia, classism, ableism, racism, sexism, etc.