Moral Thinkers
This philosopher argued that morality comes from acting out of duty rather than consequences.
Kant
According to Jonathan Haidt, this usually comes before moral reasoning
Intuition/emotions
This cognitive bias causes humans to detect agents even when none exist.
Hyperactive Agency Detection?
This personality construct is characterized by shallow emotions, low empathy, and manipulativeness.
psychopathy
This historical invention sparked fears that people would stop memorizing information because they could simply record it instead.
Writing
This philosopher believed the right action is the one that maximizes overall happiness.
Bentham
This theory argues that all moral judgments can be understood in terms of an intentional agent causing suffering to a vulnerable patient.
Dyadic Morality Theory
Imagine two isolated civilizations: Civilization A experiences frequent warfare, famine, and natural disasters whereas Civilization B enjoys centuries of peace and abundance.
Using both Tight-Loose Culture Theory and cultural evolution, predict which civilization would likely develop stricter social norms
Civilization A, because ecological threats favor tight cultures with strong norms and punishment to increase coordination and survival.
This process makes harming others psychologically easier by denying their humanity
Dehumanization
This philosopher famously argued that "Reason is, and ought only to be, the slave of the passions."
These two psychologists disagree about why people condemn harmless taboo acts like consensual incest.
Jonathan Haidt and Kurt Gray
People often struggle to explain why consensual incest between siblings is wrong, even while insisting that it is. This phenomenon is called what?
Moral dumbfounding
A merchant refuses to cheat because they believe God sees everything. Which theory best explains why this belief promotes cooperation?
Big Gods hypothesis (supernatural monitoring)
This famous prison study has been criticized because participants were allegedly encouraged to behave abusively
Stanford Prison Experiment
In the Minnesota Twin Study, identical twins raised apart were surprisingly similar. What did this study primarily demonstrate about human behavior?
Power of nature/genes
Two children are stranded on an island with no adults. One philosopher would predict they would naturally cooperate, while another would predict competition unless rules were imposed. Name both philosophers.
Rousseau and Hobbes
A stranger intentionally burns an American flag in private, harming no one. Which moral psychologist would predict that many people would still perceive an unseen victim?
Kurt Gray
According to Henrich, weakening what family structure contributed to greater individualism in Western societies?
Strong kinship networks (especially cousin marriage/extended family systems)
What score on the Hare Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R) is typically used as the diagnostic cutoff?
30 or higher
Someone becomes increasingly disgusted by factory farming after learning about animal suffering. According to Rozin, this is an example of what process?
moralization
Four philosophers watch the exact same action-->A student cheats on an exam to keep their scholarship.
Each focuses on something different:
A neurosurgeon tells you that a patient's emotional processing system has been destroyed, but their intelligence and reasoning remain normal. According to Greene's theory, how would you predict this patient would respond to the footbridge dilemma compared with most people?
They would be more likely to push the man, making the utilitarian choice, because emotional aversion to directly harming someone is reduced.
A society becomes wealthier, safer, and more stable over several centuries. According to theories discussed in class, what two changes might psychologists predict?
Approximately what proportion of psychopathy is estimated to be heritable/genetic?
40-60%
Name every single individual in this room (their first names)