Budgeting
You have 2,000 TL income. Rent and bills are 1,200 TL. What is the maximum you can spend and still save 20%?
400 TL. Saving 20% is 400 TL, leaving 400 TL after fixed costs.
What does “net pay” mean?
The amount you take home after taxes and deductions.
What happens when you only pay the minimum on a credit card?
Debt can last longer and cost much more because interest keeps adding up.
What is an emergency fund?
Money set aside for unexpected expenses like repairs, job loss, or medical costs.
Which usually has higher risk: a single company stock or a diversified fund?
A single company stock, because your result depends more on one company.
Which expense is usually a need: groceries, cinema tickets, designer shoes, or gaming subscription?
Groceries. Needs are essentials for daily life.
Why should you check bank statements regularly?
To spot mistakes, fees, duplicate charges, or fraud early.
Name two factors that can affect a credit score.
Payment history, credit use, account age, credit mix, and new credit applications.
An offer says “guaranteed high returns, no risk.” What should you think?
Major red flag. High return with no risk is usually misleading or a scam.
What does diversification mean?
Spreading money across different investments to reduce reliance on one outcome.
What is the main purpose of a budget?
To plan income, spending, saving, and priorities before money disappears.
What is an overdraft?
Spending more than your account balance, often with fees or interest.
What is interest?
The cost of borrowing money, or the reward paid for saving/investing money.
What is phishing?
A fake message or site designed to steal personal or financial information.
Why can investing be better suited for long-term goals than short-term bills?
Markets can rise and fall in the short term, but long horizons give more time to recover.
Name one sign that your budget is unrealistic.
Examples: you never follow it, it ignores irregular expenses, or it leaves no room for emergencies.
Which is safer for storing emergency money: cash under a mattress or a regulated bank account?
A regulated bank account, because it offers recordkeeping and usually stronger protections.
Which debt strategy targets the highest interest rate first?
The avalanche method.
Why compare unit prices?
To find the true cost per item, gram, liter, or use.
Name two ways to protect yourself before buying online.
Check seller reputation, secure payment, return policy, URL, reviews, and avoid suspicious links.