Minimal physical risk
What is an example of an activity with minimal physical risk?
Eating or tasting ordinary food.
What type of risk involves a participant’s emotions or mental well-being?
Psychological Risk
What must researchers protect when collecting personal information?
The participants Privacy
What group may require special protections in research?
Pregnant women
What document or process explains the risks of a research study to participants?
informed consent
What does “minimal physical risk” mean?
The risk is no greater than what a person normally encounters in everyday life.
Give one example of psychological distress.
Anxiety
What could happen if confidential information is disclosed?
It could negatively affect or harm the participant.
Name one group of people who may be considered vulnerable participants.
Children/minors
What does IRB stand for?
Institutional review board
Why might ingestion or tasting be evaluated for risk?
Because the researcher must consider possible risks to participants.
Name another possible psychological risk mentioned in the material.
Depression, low self-esteem, or emotional stress.
What is one way to reduce privacy risks?
Keeping participants’ information confidential.
Name two other groups that may require special protections.
Prisoners and individuals with disabilities.
What should researchers obtain before involving participants in many research studies?
Informed consent
Give one example of a minimal-risk physical activity.
Eating ordinary food or participating in a routine physical activity.
What type of research questions could potentially cause emotional stress?
Questions about sensitive or personal experiences.
Why is anonymous data collection useful?
It helps protect participants’ identities.
Why do some groups require additional protections?
They may be more vulnerable to risks or may have difficulty protecting their own interests.
What laws may apply when handling participants’ private information?
Privacy laws such as FERPA and HIPAA, depending on the research.
If an activity has risks greater than those normally encountered in daily life, what should researchers do?
Conduct a careful risk assessment and apply appropriate protections.
Why should researchers consider psychological risks?
Because research questions or experiences may cause emotional or psychological distress.
Why is confidentiality important in research?
It protects participants from unauthorized disclosure of their personal information.
Name three groups listed as requiring special consideration.
Pregnant women, prisoners, and children/minors.
What is the main purpose of risk assessment in research?
To identify potential risks and make sure appropriate protections are provided for participants.