Argumentation
A student says, “Schools should start later because students need more sleep.” This statement takes a position on an issue. What is it called?
A. Evidence
B. Claim
C. Conclusion
D. Commentary
What is a Claim ?
A charity advertisement shows pictures of children experiencing poverty. The advertisement is designed to make viewers feel sympathy so they will donate money. Which rhetorical appeal is being used?
A. Ethos
B. Logos
C. Pathos
D. Bias
C. Pathos
A student uses statistics, quotations, and research findings to support a claim in a research paper. What are these pieces of information called?
A. Commentary
B. Evidence
C. Conclusions
D. Conventions
B. Evidence
A person who experienced a historical event gives an interview describing what happened. How would this source most likely be classified?
A. Secondary source
B. Primary source
C. Commentary
D. Conclusion
Correct Answer: B. Primary source
A class debates whether social media companies should be responsible for misinformation posted on their platforms. The important problem being debated is called the:
A. Lens
B. Issue
C. Resolution
D. Implication
B. Issue
A student writes, “Schools should begin later because additional sleep improves students' health, focus, and academic performance.” This statement presents the student's main position and will be supported throughout the paper. What is it?
A. Thesis
B. Counterargument
C. Evidence
D. Perspective
What is a Thesis ?
A student argues that schools should provide more physical education classes. To support the argument, the student uses statistics showing that regular exercise improves students' physical and mental health. Which rhetorical appeal is the student primarily using?
A. Pathos
B. Logos
C. Ethos
D. Perspective
B. Logos
A student quotes Frederick Douglass describing the effects of slavery. The student then explains how the quotation supports the idea that slavery was designed to take away the humanity of enslaved people. What is the student's explanation?
A. Evidence
B. Commentary
C. Claim
D. Context
B. Commentary
A historian writes an article analyzing Frederick Douglass's autobiography and uses information from Douglass's original narrative. What type of source is the historian's article?
A. Primary source
B. Secondary source
C. Qualitative data
D. Evidence
B. Secondary source
A student asks, “To what extent does social media misinformation influence the political beliefs of first-time voters?” The student is beginning a process of investigating a question to gain knowledge. What is this process called?
A. Inquiry
B. Conclusion
C. Rebuttal
D. Solution
A. Inquiry
A student argues that schools should start later. She acknowledges that some parents oppose later start times because they may interfere with child-care arrangements. What has the student included in her argument?
A. Rebuttal
B. Commentary
C. Counterargument
D. Conclusion
What is a counterargument?
A doctor gives a speech about the importance of vaccinations. Before presenting her argument, she explains that she has been a pediatrician for 25 years and has conducted research on childhood diseases. Why does the doctor include this information?
A. To make the audience feel emotional
B. To provide numerical evidence
C. To establish herself as a trustworthy and knowledgeable speaker
D. To present a counterargument
C. To establish herself as a trustworthy and knowledgeable speaker
A researcher studies several cases in which students who get enough sleep perform better academically. Based on these individual examples, the researcher concludes that adequate sleep generally improves academic performance. What type of reasoning is being used?
A. Deductive reasoning
B. Inductive reasoning
C. Circular reasoning
D. Emotional reasoning
B. Inductive reasoning
Before using information from a website, a student checks the author's qualifications, the organization's reputation, and whether other experts support the information. What is the student primarily evaluating?
A. Credibility
B. Bias
C. Perspective
D. Conventions
A. Credibility
A researcher makes a claim, presents evidence, explains how the evidence supports the claim, addresses an opposing viewpoint, and reaches a conclusion. What term describes the way these ideas are arranged to build the argument?
A. Perspective
B. Line of reasoning
C. Context
D. Implication
B. Line of reasoning
A student argues that schools should start later. An opposing viewpoint says later start times would interfere with sports. The student responds with research showing that schools can adjust athletic schedules without reducing participation. What is the student's response called?
A. Bias
B. Rebuttal
C. Limitation
D. Perspective
B. Rebuttal
Two students are asked whether artificial intelligence should be allowed in schools. One student believes AI is useful because she uses it to help organize her research. The other believes AI creates academic dishonesty because he has seen students use it to complete assignments. Their different responses are primarily influenced by their different:
A. Evidence
B. Perspectives
C. Conclusions
D. Limitations
B. Perspectives
A researcher begins with the general idea that primary sources provide original information. She then identifies a recorded interview with a person who experienced an event as a primary source because it is an original account. What type of reasoning is this?
A. Inductive reasoning
B. Deductive reasoning
C. Emotional reasoning
D. Qualitative reasoning
B. Deductive reasoning
A researcher checks whether information is accurate and consistent before using it as evidence. Which quality of the information is the researcher evaluating?
A. Credibility
B. Reliability
C. Perspective
D. Validity
B. Reliability
A student presents an argument using several credible sources. However, the evidence does not logically support the student's conclusion. Which quality of the argument is most questionable?
A. Reliability
B. Credibility
C. Validity
D. Context
C. Validity