States of Matter
What are the three common states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
What is an element
A pure substance made of only one type of atom
What does the subscript number tell us on the chemical formula?
The number of atoms of that element in the molecule
What is a chemical bond?
an attraction between atoms that holds them together
What is the chemical formula of water?
H2O
In which state of matter do particles move freely and have no definite shape or volume?
Gas
Name two elements that are important for living organism
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur
Is H2O an Element or a Compound?
Compound
Name the two main types of chemical bonds
Covalent and ionic bonds
Name one unique property of water
High surface tension, adhesion, high specific heat, and universal solvent.
Which state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Liquid
How do you determine the number of protons in an atom?
How many Hydrogen atoms are in H2O?
In what type of bonds do atoms share an electron?
What property of water allows it to absorb many substances?
Its polarity
Describe the particle arrangement in a solid
Particles are tightly packed and vibrate in fixed positions
How do you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?
Is NaCl an element and compound? explain how you know.
Compound, because it contains two different elements.
Describe an ionic bond?
A bond formed when one atom transfers electrons to another atom, creating opposite charged ions that attract
Why does ice float on water?
This fourth state of matter, found in lightning and neon signs, consists of superheated, highly energized ions and free electrons.
Plasma
How much does an electron weigh
1/2000 amu
What is an empirical formula? Give an example
The type of chemical formula that shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound rather then the actual numbers present.
H2O
C6H12O6
What is a hydrogen bond?
A weak intermolecular attraction holds neighboring water molecules together and zips the two strands of a DNA molecule into a double helix.
This property of water, caused by hydrogen bonding, allows large bodies of water to resist temperature changes and helps regulate Earth's climate.
High Specific Heat