European Exploration and Colonization
This explorer is often credited with starting the Columbian Exchange when he sailed to the Americas in 1492.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
The Middle Colonies were called this because they produced large quantities of grain and cereal crops like wheat and rye.
What is the breadbasket of the colonies?
This first governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony was a wealthy lawyer who believed he had a calling from God to lead the colony.
Who is John Winthrop?
This religious group, from Pennsylvania, refused to pay taxes to support the Church of England and were pacifists.
Who are the Quakers?
The New England colonies had this life expectancy, compared to only 40 years in the Chesapeake region.
What is 70?
This Spanish explorer searched for the "Fountain of Youth" and was the first European to set foot on what became Florida in 1513.
Who is Ponce de Leon?
This valuable fish became the "goldmine" of New England due to extensive codfish fisheries.
What is cod?
This governor of Plymouth Colony served for 31 years and was a self-taught scholar highly committed to free enterprise and God.
Who is William Bradford?
True or False: New York was founded as a religious endeavor to help spread Christianity out of New England and into the interior?
False
Unlike the English, French colonists in North America prioritized this activity over large-scale European settlement.
What is the fur trade?
This oldest city in the United States was founded by the Spanish in 1565 after many failed attempts due to Native American attacks.
What is St. Augustine, FL?
This triangular trade route connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas, with rum from New England playing a key role in the exchange.
What is the triangular trade?
This strong-willed woman started a house church in Massachusetts and was banished for claiming to receive direct revelations from God.
Who is Anne Hutchinson?
Maryland, founded by Lord Baltimore, was initially a haven for which Christian denomination?
What are Catholics?
The Chesapeake region relied heavily on this labor system, while New England relied on small family farms with few or no slaves.
What is slave labor?
The Spanish colonial system that forced Native Americans to work in mines, plantations, and estates as a form of labor obligation was called this.
What is the encomienda system (or la encomienda)?
The three main cash crops of the Southern Colonies were tobacco, rice, and this blue dye crop.
This Englishman introduced tobacco cultivation to Virginia in 1612 and married Pocahontas, a Native American princess.
Who is John Rolfe?
This type of government, established in Massachusetts Bay Colony, was founded and run entirely by religious rules and principles.
What is a theocracy?
Unlike English colonists who drove away Native Americans, French colonists did this with Native American women on the frontier.
What is intermarry?
This Spanish priest spent 50 years fighting slavery and the colonial abuse of Native Americans and is considered one of the first advocates for universal human rights.
Who is Bartolomé de las Casas?
This exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and cultures between Europe, Africa, and the Americas began with Columbus's 1492 voyage.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
This English noble was granted a charter to establish a colony for debtors, and a buffer between Spanish Florida and French Louisiana?
Who is James Oglethorpe?
This 1649 Maryland law guaranteed toleration to all Christians but denied toleration to non-Christians like Jews and atheists.
What is the Toleration Act?
This group of colonists from what Carribean country arrived in the Carolinas in 1670 and brought their slave code model with them.
What is Barbados?