Taylorism
Who developed it? When was it invented?
Frederick Winslow Taylor (1880-1890)
Who is associated with Fordism? When was it invented?
Henry Ford (1913)
Which company developed Toyotism? When was it invented?
Toyota (1948-1975)
What is the main goal of Taylorism?
Efficiency and productivity
What are the main principles of the fordism?
Mass production and assembly line
What does "Just-in-Time" mean?
Just-in-Time production
Give a modern example of Taylorist work.
Warehouses, call centers, fast food
Why did Ford produce standardized cars?
Standardized cars for mass consumption
What distinguishes a Toyotist worker from a Taylorist worker in terms of skills?
Multi-skilling / polyvalence (mastering several stations) vs. a single repetitive movement under Taylor
What is one major criticism of Taylorism?
Repetitive work, low autonomy, excessive control
Why did Fordism face problems in the 1960s–70s?
Worker dissatisfaction, absenteeism, strikes, rising costs, competition, economic crises,
What is one major criticism of Toyotism?
Increased work pressure and work intensity
How does Taylorism organize workers?
Specialized, standardized tasks
Explain the connection between mass production and mass consumption.
Ford Model T and automobile production
Explain how Toyotism differs from Fordism.
Toyota Production System / Lean Manufacturing