Southern Colonies Vocab & Labor
This type of crop was grown mainly for sale and profit rather than personal use. Common examples of this included tobacco, rice, and indigo.
What is a cash crop?
This leader of the Jamestown colony helped the settlement survive through strict discipline and trade with Native Americans.
Who is John Smith?
English Protestants who wanted to "purify" the Church of England and settled in New England seeking religious freedom.
Government controlled by religious leaders or based on religious law; early Massachusetts Bay functioned this way.
What is theocracy?
British laws that controlled colonial trade and required colonists to trade mainly with England.
What are the Navigation Acts?
1770 event in which British soldiers killed five colonists, increasing anger toward Britain.
What is the Boston Massacre?
This system awarded roughly 50 acres of land to settlers who paid their own passage or brought indentured servants to the Southern Colonies.
What is the headright system?
Jamestown colonist who developed a profitable strain of tobacco and married Pocahontas.
Who is John Rolfe?
Separatists who sailed on the Mayflower and founded Plymouth Colony in 1620.
Who are the Pilgrims (or Separatists)?
Puritan belief that God had already decided who would be saved.
What is predestination?
Britain's policy of loosely enforcing laws in the colonies, which allowed self-government to grow.
What is salutary neglect?
Religious revival of the 1730s-1740s that encouraged people to question authority and think more independently.
What is the Great Awakening.
A person who agreed to work for a set number of years - usually four to seven - in exchange for passage to the colonies.
What is an indentured servant?
Frontier settler who led an armed uprising in Virginia in 1676 against the colonial government.
Who is Nathaniel Bacon?
Christian group officially known as the Religious Society of Friends; they believed every person had an "Inner Light."
Who are the Quakers?
Long-time governor of Plymouth Colony and author of Of Plymouth Plantation.
Who is William Bradford?
British law that banned colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains after 1763.
What is the Proclamation of 1763.
Movement that emphasized reason, science, and natural rights and influenced ideas about government and liberty.
What is the Enlightenment?
The forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean as part of the triangular trade.
What is the Middle Passage?
Founder of Georgia in 1732; he intended the colony as a place for debtors and a buffer against Spanish Florida.
Who is James Oglethorpe?
Puritan woman who challenged religious authorities in Massachusetts, was banished, and later helped establish a settlement in Rhode Island.
Who is Anne Hutchison?
Native American man who helped the Pilgrims survive by teaching them farming techniques and acting as an interpreter.
Who is Squanto (or Tisquantum)?
1765 British tax on paper goods that sparked the cry of "no taxation without representation."
What is the Stamp Act?
1773 protest in which colonists dumped British tea into the Boston Harbor to oppose the Tea Act.
Laws that defined the status of enslaved people, restricted the freedoms of African Americans, and helped institutionalized slavery in the Southern Colonies.
What are slave codes?
Armed uprising in Virginia in 1676 that highlighted tensions between frontier settlers, Native Americans, and wealthy planters, and contributed to a greater reliance on enslaved African labor.
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
Quaker who founded Pennsylvania in 1681 as a place of religious tolerance and fair treatment of Native Americans.
Agreement signed by the Pilgrims in 1620 that established a form of self-government based on majority rule.
Harsh 1774 British laws that punished Massachusetts after the Boston Tea Party and limited self-government.
What are the Intolerable Acts?
War from 1754 to 1763 between Britain and France (with Native American allies) that led to higher British taxes on the colonies.
What is the French and Indian War?