Biocides
pH & Alkalinity
Cooling Towers
Equipment Temperatures
Boilers
100

This concentration of glutaraldehyde is needed for an "effective kill."

What is 41 PPM?

100

This is the recommended pH range for aluminum components.

What is 7-8?

100

The assumed evaporation rate for water in a cooling tower is this percentage.

What is 1%?

100

Evaporative condensers have this rule of thumb skin temperature. 

What is 90° F?

100

One boiler horsepower equals this many pounds of steam per hour. 

What is 34.5 lbs/hr?

200

The target concentration for a 100% glutaraldehyde product is this many PPM.

What is 54 PPM?
200

Below this absolute minimum recommended pH, water becomes aggressive to mild steel.

What is 8.0?

200

To estimate cooling tower system volume from maximum GPM, multiply by this number.

What is 3.5?

200

Plate exchangers have this rule of thumb skin temperature. 

What is 90° F?

200

Deaerators effectively remove dissolved gases at approximately this temperature and pressure.

What are 215° F and 3-5 psi?

300

Stabilized bromine begins to overstabilize when bromine reaches this level.

What is 50 PPM?

300

Above this absolute maximum recommended pH, water begins leaching zinc from brass. 

What is 10.3?

300

To estimate cooling tower system volume from maximum tonnage, multiply by this number.

What is 4.0?

300

A centrifugal chiller has this rule of thumb skin temperature.

What is 120° F?

300

It takes this many PPM of sulfite to scavenge 1 PPM of dissolved oxygen. 

What is 10 PPM?

400

At this bromide level, stabilized bromine is considered fully overstabilized. 

What is 70 PPM?

400

Bicarbonate and carbonate alkalinity spontaneously convert to CO2 at this pH.

What is 4.3?

400

At or below this LSI, a system is considered to be in corrosive conditions. 

What is 1.7?

400

An absorption chiller has this rule of thumb skin temperature.

What is 135° F?

400

It takes this many PPM of erythorbate to scavenge 1 PPM of dissolved oxygen. 

What is 13.5 PPM?

500

Bromide and sulfamate are used in this ratio.

What is 1:1?

500

Up to 500 PPM of OH alkalinity forms at this pH.

What is 12.0?

500

Assuming a 10X demand, gallons of CDG3000 needed are calculated using this formula.

What is system volume ÷ 300?

500

This equipment has a rule of thumb skin temperature of 280° F.

What are 3 stage compressors?

500

Producing 100,000 lbs/hr of steam in an electric boiler requires approximately this much electricity.

What is 40 megawatts?

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