Right Vs. Left
Jugular venous distention (JVD), ascites, and peripheral edema indicate failure on which side of the heart?
Right-sided
Why is primary hypertension often referred to as the "silent killer"
Because it is frequently asymptomatic until end-organ damage occurs.
What vital sign must be checked prior to administering Digitalis (Digoxin)?
Apical pulse
U is for
upright
in UNLOAD FAST O is for
Oxygen
Pulmonary crackles, dyspnea on exertion, and a dry cough indicate failure on which side of the heart?
Left-sided heart failure.
According to the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines, how is a blood pressure reading of 138/86 mmHg categorized?
Stage 1 Hypertension.
What key teaching point should be given to a patient taking Beta-Blockers who has a history of asthma?
Monitor for bronchospasm / shortness of breath; do not stop taking abruptly (must taper off)
N
Nitrates
F is for
fluid restriction
What extra heart sound is commonly associated with fluid volume overload in heart failure?
Answer: S 3 (Ventricular Gallop)
Define the threshold blood pressures for a Hypertensive Emergency
Systolic BP =/greater 180 mmHg and/or Diastolic BP
=/greater than 120
A client taking spironolactone should be closely monitored for which electrolyte imbalance
Hyperkalemia
Lasix
A is for
Assessment/ activity - monitor vs, balance with rest and activity
What hormone is released by the heart ventricles in response to fluid overload/stretch, serving as a key diagnostic lab marker for HF?
BNP (B-type Natriuretic Peptide
Name two specific target organs commonly damaged by unmanaged long-term hypertension.
Eyes (retina/blindness), Kidneys (renal failure), Brain (stroke/TIA), or Heart (LVH/HF/MI)
What dietary modification plan is recommended to lower blood pressure, and what are its main focus areas?
DASH Diet — Low sodium, low saturated fats, rich in potassium, magnesium, calcium, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
A is for
afterload
S is
sodium restriction
What does the P wave on Lead II repesent
atrial contraction
bp is 122/ 80 What is the MAP
94
Metroporol is what classification of med?
Beta blocker
D is for
Digoxin
T is for
Test levels. monitor Digoxing, K+ level