🟠 TRUTH & RECONCILIATION
What date is Canada's National Day for Truth and Reconciliation observed each year?
September 30
What was the primary purpose of Canada's residential school system from the perspective of government policy?
To educate and assimilate Indigenous children, separating many of them from their families and communities.
What three distinct groups are specifically recognized as Indigenous peoples in Section 35 of Canada's Constitution Act, 1982?
First Nations, Inuit and Métis
What 1763 British document is an important historical foundation for the Crown's relationship with Indigenous peoples and addressed the acquisition of Indigenous lands?
The Royal Proclamation of 1763
Who founded Orange Shirt Day based on her experience as a residential school student?
Phyllis Webstad
What Canadian commission investigated the history and legacy of residential schools and heard testimony from thousands of survivors?
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada.
What was the name commonly given to the federal legislation first passed in 1876 that governed many aspects of First Nations' relationship with the federal government?
The Indian Act
Which Indigenous people are traditionally associated with Canada's Arctic regions?
Inuit
Which famous Métis leader played a major role in the Red River Resistance of 1869–70?
Louis Riel
What is the well-known phrase associated with Orange Shirt Day that emphasizes the importance and worth of every child?
“Every Child Matters.”
How many Calls to Action were published by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in its final report?
94
In what year did the last federally run residential school in Canada close?
1996
Which Indigenous people have a distinct history and culture that developed from First Nations, European and other ancestry, particularly in the historic Métis homeland?
The Métis
What was the name of the agreement that created Manitoba in 1870 and followed the Red River Resistance?
The Manitoba Act
In what year was the first Orange Shirt Day held, before September 30 became the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation
2013
In what year did the Truth and Reconciliation Commission release its final report and Calls to Action?
2015
Which Canadian government department was historically responsible for administering the residential school system?
The Department of Indian Affairs, later known under various names including Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
What term is commonly used for the traditional territories and ancestral lands of Indigenous peoples?
Traditional territories
Which 1990 confrontation in Quebec began over a proposed golf-course expansion and became a major event in modern Indigenous-Crown relations?
The Oka Crisis
Orange Shirt Day grew out of an annual event organized in which British Columbia community, where Phyllis Webstad attended the former St. Joseph Mission Residential School?
Williams Lake, British Columbia
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission was created as part of the settlement agreement involving former residential school students. What was the name of that agreement?
The Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement.
What was the name of the 2007 agreement that provided compensation and other measures to former residential school students and established the Truth and Reconciliation Commission?
The Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement
Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 recognizes and affirms existing Aboriginal and treaty rights. In what year did this constitutional protection take effect?
1982
Which 1973 Supreme Court of Canada case was the first major Canadian court case to recognize the possibility of Aboriginal title existing in Canadian law, although the claim itself was dismissed on a technicality?
Calder v. British Columbia.
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission's Calls to Action are numbered from 1 to 94. What range of Calls to Action focuses specifically on education?
Calls to Action 6–12