natural selection
The process in which organisms with traits that help them survive and reproduce tend to become more common in a population.
what is natural selection
Individuals within the same species having different inherited traits is called this.
What is genetic variations
Organisms compete for these because they are limited in an environment.
What are resources?
An inherited characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in a particular environment.
what is adaptation
This occurs when populations become genetically different enough over time that they become separate species.
What is speciation?
Natural selection changes these over generations rather than causing individual organisms to intentionally change.
What are populations
A change in DNA that can create new genetic variation.
what is a mutation
Name one resource organisms may compete for.
Food, water, space, shelter, mates, or sunlight
Adaptations develop in these over many generations.
what are populations
This occurs when no members of a species remain alive.
What is extinction
This is one of the four major factors of natural selection and occurs when organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support.
What is overproduction
This process combines genetic information from two parents and creates unique combinations of traits.
What is sexual reproduction
Two bird species eat the same food. The food supply becomes scarce. What is likely to happen?
Competition increases.
Put these events in the correct order: competition, genetic variation, greater survival and reproduction, environmental pressure.
Genetic variation → environmental pressure → competition → greater survival and reproduction
Put the speciation process in order: new species, separation, one population, genetic differences accumulate
One population → separation → genetic differences accumulate → new species
When organisms with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more successfully, this process can cause those traits to become more ________.
what is common?
Two puppies from the same parents have different fur colors and patterns. This is an example of what concept?
What is genetic variation?
When resources are limited, organisms with traits that help them obtain resources may have greater opportunities to do what two things?
Survive and reproduce
After an advantageous inherited trait becomes more common, the population becomes better suited to what?
its environment
Name TWO possible causes of extinction identified in the lesson.
Any two: major environmental changes, habitat loss, competition, disease, predation, or human activities
A population has 80% organisms without an advantageous trait and 20% with one. If organisms with the advantageous trait reproduce more successfully, what should happen to its proportion over future generations?
It may increase.
Why can two offspring from the same parents have different traits?
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genetic information.
A drought causes most plants to die. Insects now have less food available. What is the limited resource creating pressure on the insects?
food
A rabbit population contains brown and white rabbits. Brown soil makes brown rabbits harder for predators to see. Over generations, brown rabbits become more common. What concept does this demonstrate?
Natural selection leading to adaptation
A population becomes separated. Over time, genetic differences accumulate between the groups. Eventually, they become separate species. What process occurred?
Speciation