Types of Plate Boundaries
At this type, the 2 plates move away from each other
What are diverging plate boundaries?
these are the fastest earthquake waves
What are P waves?
This is a measure of the strength of an earthquake
What is magnitude?
these have a narrow base, steep slopes, and contains volcanic rock fragments
What are cinder cones?
Molten material above ground
What is lava?
Subduction is this type of plate boundary
What are converging plate boundaries?
These travel inside the Earth
What are P waves and S waves?
These are a huge series of waves that will form in the oceans during an earthquake or volcanic eruption
What is a tsunami?
These have a wide base and gentle slope
What are shield volcanoes?
The region of the Pacific Ocean where 80% of all earthquakes and 90% of all volcanoes occur is called this
What is the Ring of Fire?
This is where new plates (crust) are formed
What are diverging plate boundaries?
These are the slowest EQ waves
What are surface waves?
One of the two scales to measure strength of an earthquake
What is the Richter scale or moment magnitude scale?
These consist of alternating layers of lava flow and ash/tephra deposits
What are composite (stratovolcanoes) volcanoes?
Molten material below ground
What is magma?
Faults are the main feature of these
What are sliding (transform) plate boundaries?
These cause the most damage
What are surface waves?
Smaller earthquakes that follow a large earthquake
What are aftershocks?
These are formed from repeated lava flows
What are shield volcanoes?
The smallest rock fragments released by a volcano
What is ash?
Trenches form at this type of plate boundary
What are converging plate boundaries?
We know the outer core is liquid because these waves disappear when they encounter a liquid
What are S waves?
This is where soil acts like a liquid in looser sediments causing building collapse
What is liquefaction?
When the top of a large volcano collapses, it forms a large cauldron like depression called this
What is a caldera?
The largest rock fragments released during a volcanic eruption
What are blocks or bombs?