Shift Happens
This shift occurs when light from a distant galaxy is shifted toward longer wavelengths.
What is redshift?
According to the NYS ESS Reference Tables, scientists can identify elements in stars by examining their ______.
What are emission/spectral lines?
This faint radiation is considered leftover radiation from the early universe.
What is cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB)?
If most distant galaxies are moving away from one another, the universe must be doing this.
What is expanding?
Using the electromagnetic spectrum, which has the greater wavelength: red light or violet light?
What is Red light.
A galaxy showing redshift is generally moving in this direction relative to Earth.
What is away from Earth?
A star's spectrum contains lines that match the lines shown for hydrogen in the Reference Tables. What can scientists conclude?
What is hydrogen is present in the star?
The cosmic microwave background is evidence that the universe was once in a much hotter and ______ state.
What is a denser state?
If a galaxy's light is shifted toward longer wavelengths, what does this tell scientists about the galaxy's motion?
What is the galaxy is moving away from Earth?
Using the electromagnetic spectrum, which has the greater frequency and energy: red light or violet light?
Violet light
If the wavelength of light from a galaxy becomes longer, the light has shifted toward this end of the visible spectrum.
What is the red end?
Two elements have different patterns of bright lines in their emission spectra. Scientists can use these patterns like a ______ to identify the elements.
What is a fingerprint?
The cosmic microwave background is detected primarily in this region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
What are microwaves?
Scientists compare the spectral lines of elements measured in a laboratory with the same lines from distant galaxies. If the galaxy's lines are shifted toward longer wavelengths, what has occurred?
What is redshift?
As frequency increases, what happens to wavelength?
Wavelength decreases.
Galaxy A has a greater redshift than Galaxy B. Based on this evidence, Galaxy A is generally moving away from Earth at a ______ speed.
* Think about the "Balloon: Universe Expansion Lab"
What is a greater/faster speed?
A scientist observes spectral lines from an unknown star. Several lines occur at the same wavelengths as the hydrogen emission spectrum in the Reference Tables. What does this evidence indicate?
What is hydrogen is present in the star?
Scientists detect cosmic microwave background radiation coming from all directions in space. Why is this evidence important to the Big Bang theory?
What is it is leftover radiation from the early universe?
A student says, "Redshift proves that galaxies themselves are getting larger." What does redshift actually provide evidence for?
What is the motion of galaxies away from us and the expansion of the universe?
This is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be detected by the human eye.
What is visible light?
Scientists observe redshift in light from many distant galaxies. What major conclusion does this evidence support about the universe?
What is the universe is expanding?
A star's spectrum contains lines matching both hydrogen and helium on the Reference Tables. What does this tell scientists about the star?
What is the star contains both hydrogen and helium?
Name the two major pieces of astronomical evidence used to support the Big Bang theory.
What are redshift/galaxy motion and cosmic microwave background radiation.
When light from a galaxy shifts from the visible spectrum into the infrared region, its wavelength has done this, indicating the galaxy is moving away from Earth.
What is increased (or become longer)?
When a galaxy moves away from Earth, its recessional velocity can be determined by measuring this shift in its spectral lines.
What is redshift?