Planet Power
Gravity & Orbits
Asteroids vs. Comets
Meteors & Space Rocks
Ultimate Space Challenge (Mixed Standards)
100

Name the shape of the path that all planets take as they revolve around the Sun.

What is an elliptical (or oval-shaped) orbit?

100

What force pulls planets inward toward the Sun to keep them in orbit?  

What is gravity (or gravitational force)?

100

What are asteroids primarily made of?

What are rock and metal?

100

What single key factor determines whether a space rock is called a meteoroid, a meteor, or a meteorite?

What is its location?

100

Name two non-planetary space objects that revolve around the Sun.  

What are asteroids and comets?

200

List all 8 planets in order starting from the Sun.

What are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune?

200

A planet’s orbit is formed by a balance between the Sun’s inward gravity pull and what forward property of the planet?

What is forward speed / forward motion (inertia)?

200

What nickname is often used to describe comets because of their composition?

What are "dirty snowballs" (made of ice, dust, and rock)?

200

What do we call a small piece of rock or metal floating out in outer space before it enters Earth's atmosphere?

What is a meteoroid?

200

Why does friction occur when a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere?

What is air particles rub against the fast-moving rock, producing extreme heat and light?

300

True or False: Planets travel around the Sun in perfect circles.

What is False (their paths are elliptical/oval)?

300

If the Sun’s gravity were to suddenly vanish, what path would Earth take through space?

What is a straight line?

300

Where in our solar system are most asteroids located?

What is the Asteroid Belt (between Mars and Jupiter)?

300

What do we call the streak of light ("shooting star") created when a space rock burns up in Earth's atmosphere?

What is a meteor?

300

Which inner planet is closest to the Asteroid Belt?

What is Mars?

400

How are Mars and Jupiter different in their composition and category?

What is Mars is an inner, rocky planet and Jupiter is an outer gas giant?

400

True or False: If gravity disappeared, Earth would immediately fall/plunge into the Sun.

What is False (it would shoot off in a straight line into space)!

400

How do the orbit shapes of comets compare to the orbit shapes of asteroids?

What is comets have highly elliptical (stretched oval) orbits, while asteroids have nearly circular orbits?  

400

What is the scientific term for a space rock that survives its trip through the atmosphere and lands on Earth's surface?

 What is a meteorite?

400

Compare the composition of an asteroid to the composition of a comet.

What is asteroids are rocky/metallic, while comets are icy/dusty?

500

Even though Neptune is much farther from the Sun and much larger than Earth, what orbital characteristic do both planets share?

What is both travel in elliptical orbits around the Sun?

500

Explain why dropping a tennis ball on Earth is caused by the exact same scientific principle as Earth orbiting the Sun.

What is both are caused by the pull of gravity?

500

Why does a comet form a glowing tail as it approaches the Sun, and in which direction does the tail always point?

What is the Sun heats the ice into gas, and the tail always points away from the Sun?

500

What memory trick helps us remember the locations for -oid, meteor, and -ite?

What is Space = -oid, Air/Light = Meteor, and Ground/Land = -ite?

500

Put these stages in correct chronological order for a space rock hitting Earth: Meteor, Meteorite, Meteoroid.

What is 1) Meteoroid (space) → 2) Meteor (atmosphere) → 3) Meteorite (ground)?

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